Novel Virus Discovery
Novel Virus Discovery - Related Videos
11:37
Zika Virus Specific Diagnostic Epitope Discovery
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Cited by 11 •
2017
In this protocol, we describe a technique to discover Zika virus specific diagnostic peptides using a high-density peptide microarray. This protocol can readly be adapted for other emerging infectious diseases.
13:37
Polymer Microarrays for High Throughput Discovery of Biomaterials
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Cited by 32 •
2012
A description of the formation of a polymer microarray using an on-chip photopolymerization technique. The high throughput surface characterization using atomic force microscopy, water contact angle measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry and a cell attachment assay is also described.
01:26
Drug Discovery: Overview
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2023
Drug discovery is a multifaceted process involving extensive screening, testing, and optimization of lead compounds to identify potential new drugs for therapeutic use. It combines several approaches, including screening large numbers of natural products, chemical modification of known active molecules, identification of new drug targets, and rational design based on biological mechanisms and drug-receptor structure. These approaches are carried out in both academic research laboratories and...
13:19
Microarray-based Identification of Individual HERV Loci Expression: Application to Biomarker Discovery in Prostate Cancer
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Cited by 17 •
2013
Human endogenous retroviruses (HERV), which occupy 8% of the human genome, retain scarce coding capacities but a hundred thousand long terminal repeats (LTRs). A custom Affymetrix microarray was designed to identify individual HERV locus expression and was used on prostate cancer tissues as a proof of concept for future clinical studies.
12:02
Assays for the Identification of Novel Antivirals against Bluetongue Virus
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Cited by 11 •
2013
Three assays, including the cytopathic effect (CPE)-based assay, dose-response assay and Time-of-Addition (ToA) assay have been developed, optimized, validated and utilized to identify novel antivirals against Bluetongue virus (BTV), as well as to determine the possible Mechanism-of-Action (MoA) for newly identified antivirals.
FAQs
Metagenomic sequencing can detect viral genetic material without prior knowledge of the virus and without requiring successful laboratory culture. This makes it useful when an unfamiliar agent is present in a clinical, environmental, or animal sample but cannot be readily grown. The approach broadens discovery beyond viruses that fit existing expectations or culture conditions.
Researchers compare the candidate’s genetic material with known viral genomes to identify genetic relationships. This comparison can indicate whether the sequence resembles recognized viruses or represents a more distinct lineage, providing a basis for characterization. It does not by itself establish host range, replication, or disease relevance, so those questions require additional testing.
Finding viral genetic material shows that virus-associated sequences are present in a sample, but it does not establish how broadly the virus can infect hosts, whether it replicates, or whether it contributes to disease. Additional testing addresses these separate questions. Distinguishing them helps prevent genetic detection from being interpreted as proof of pathogenic importance.
Researchers begin with clinical, environmental, or animal samples and analyze them for viral genetic material. Metagenomic sequencing can support detection without requiring prior knowledge or successful culture. Bioinformatic comparison then examines relationships to known viral genomes, followed by testing of host range, replication, and disease relevance. The resulting evidence supports characterization and interpretation.
Characterizing a newly identified virus helps clarify how it interacts with host immunity, linking viral features to the immune responses observed during infection. This places discovery within immunology and infection research rather than treating sequencing as an isolated identification step. It can also guide follow-up work on diagnostic assays and vaccines.
Clinical, environmental, and animal samples can all provide opportunities to detect previously unrecognized viruses. Including these sample types extends discovery beyond a single setting and supports infection surveillance across relevant contexts. The sample source also informs subsequent investigations, including assessments of host range, replication, and possible disease relevance.