Tim-3 Expression
Tim-3 Expression - Related Videos
09:32
Multiplexed Immunofluorescence Analysis and Quantification of Intratumoral PD-1+ Tim-3+ CD8+ T Cells
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Cited by 16 •
2018
Studying tumor microenvironment may identify prognostic or predictive biomarkers of clinical response to immunotherapy. Presented here, is an innovative method based on in situ fluorescence multispectral imaging to analyze and count automatically various subpopulations of CD8+ T cells. This reproducible and reliable technique is suitable for large cohort analyses.
08:17
Chemical Analysis of Water-accommodated Fractions of Crude Oil Spills Using TIMS-FT-ICR MS
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Cited by 10 •
2017
The low-energy water-accommodated fraction (LEWAF) of crude oil is a challenging system to analyze, because over time, this complex mixture undergoes chemical transformations. This protocol illustrates methods for the preparation of the LEWAF sample and for performing photo-irradiation and chemical analysis by trapped ion mobility spectrometry–FT-ICR MS.
07:35
Vaccinia Virus Infection & Temporal Analysis of Virus Gene Expression: Part 3
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2009
Protocol for Vaccinia infection of HeLa cells and analysis of host and viral gene expression. Part 3 describes the process of fluorescently labeling the amplified RNA from both host and viral samples by amino allyl coupling of dyes. Part 3 of 3.
10:13
Fentanyl Analog Screening using LC-TIMS-TOF MS/MS
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Cited by 1 •
2024
A method for the screening of fentanyl analogs based on their retention time, mobility, and mass spectrometry fragmentation pattern.
07:32
Bacterial Expression and Purification of Human Matrix Metalloproteinase-3 using Affinity Chromatography
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Cited by 5 •
2022
His-tag purification, dialysis, and activation are employed to increase yields of soluble, active matrix metalloproteinase-3 catalytic domain protein expression in bacteria. Protein fractions are analyzed via SDS-PAGE gels.
FAQs
Persistent antigen stimulation can increase Tim-3 at the surface of activated T cells and some innate immune cells. When ligands such as galectin-9 bind the receptor, signaling may restrain cytokine production and promote features associated with exhaustion. This mechanism links receptor abundance to altered immune function, but the outcome remains dependent on the responding cell type and its surrounding context.
Cellular context matters because the same receptor level does not necessarily produce an identical functional outcome in every immune population. Tim-3 may be increased on activated T cells or innate immune cells, while ligand engagement and signaling determine whether cytokine restraint or exhaustion-associated features become evident. Interpretation therefore requires considering cell identity, activation history, and persistent antigen exposure together.
No. Increased surface Tim-3 can accompany persistent antigen stimulation and may contribute to an exhausted phenotype, but expression alone does not establish the full functional state. Ligand availability, signaling, cytokine production, and cellular context also shape the outcome. Researchers should therefore treat Tim-3 as one indicator within a broader assessment of immune dysfunction.
Flow cytometry, immunostaining, and gene-expression analysis provide complementary ways to examine Tim-3. Flow cytometry can assess receptor abundance in immune-cell populations, immunostaining can help examine cellular distribution, and gene-expression analysis evaluates HAVCR2 transcript levels. Using these approaches helps distinguish where Tim-3 is present and whether changes are reflected at the protein or gene-expression level.
During infection studies, Tim-3 expression can help characterize immune dysfunction and track immune changes associated with chronic stimulation. Researchers may examine its abundance or distribution alongside the infection context to assess whether immune regulation is changing. This information supports monitoring infection and describing altered immune states, while avoiding interpretation of the receptor without considering the relevant cell population and signaling environment.
Tim-3 measurements provide a way to characterize receptor abundance and distribution when studying strategies that target immune checkpoints. Because ligand binding can influence cytokine-limiting signaling and exhaustion-associated features, expression data help place checkpoint effects in an immunological context. The measurement does not by itself determine strategy success, since cellular context and the resulting immune response remain important.