Polarized Excitation
Polarized Excitation - Related Videos
07:42
Nerve Excitability Assessment in Chemotherapy-induced Neurotoxicity
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Cited by 28 •
2012
This abstract describes a novel method to assess the development of neurotoxicity in patients receiving chemotherapy treatment. While conventional assessment methods are limited in their ability to detect early changes in nerve function, nerve excitability techniques provide early identification of patients at risk of severe neurotoxicity and insight into pathophysiology.
01:01
Group Polarization
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2020
Group polarization is the strengthening of an original group attitude following the discussion of views within a group (Teger & Pruitt, 1967). That is, if a group initially favors a viewpoint, after discussion the group consensus is likely a stronger endorsement of the viewpoint. Conversely, if the group was initially opposed to a viewpoint, group discussion would likely lead to stronger opposition. The phenomenon of group polarization explains many actions taken by groups that would not...
03:37
Molecular Shape and Polarity
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2020
Dipole Moment of a Molecule Polar covalent bonds connect two atoms with differing electronegativities, leaving one atom with a partial positive charge (δ+) and the other atom with a partial negative charge (δ–), as the electrons are pulled toward the more electronegative atom. This separation of charge gives rise to a bond dipole moment. The magnitude of a bond dipole moment is represented by the Greek letter mu (µ) and is given by the formula shown here, where Q is the magnitude of the...
04:56
In Vivo Electrophysiological Measurement of the Rat Ulnar Nerve with Axonal Excitability Testing
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Cited by 3 •
2018
Axonal excitability techniques provide a powerful tool to examine pathophysiology and biophysical changes that precede irreversible degenerative events. This manuscript demonstrates the use of these techniques on the ulnar nerve of anesthetized rats.
14:18
Automation of Mode Locking in a Nonlinear Polarization Rotation Fiber Laser through Output Polarization Measurements
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Cited by 2 •
2016
A protocol to detect and automate mode locking in a pre-adjusted nonlinear polarization rotation fiber laser is presented. The detection of a sudden change in the output polarization state when mode locking occurs is used to command the alignment of an intra-cavity polarization controller in order to find mode-locking conditions.
FAQs
The transition dipole describes the orientation-dependent part of a fluorescent molecule that interacts with the electric field of incoming light. Absorption becomes stronger when these directions align and weaker when they differ. This relationship converts differences in molecular orientation into measurable fluorescence changes, allowing researchers to infer organization that would not be apparent from fluorescence intensity alone.
Changing the light’s polarization changes the electric-field direction presented to the sample. Molecules or structures with different orientations then experience different excitation efficiencies, producing orientation-dependent fluorescence changes. Comparing signals across polarization directions can therefore indicate whether fluorescent components share an alignment or undergo changes in organization within a biological structure.
Ordinary fluorescence imaging primarily reports how much signal is present, whereas polarization-sensitive measurement also examines how excitation or emission depends on orientation. That added relationship can distinguish changes in molecular organization or alignment even when overall brightness changes little. The approach therefore complements intensity-based imaging rather than simply replacing it.
A basic workflow uses illumination with a defined polarization, records the resulting fluorescence, and then changes the polarization or analyzes emitted light with respect to orientation. Researchers compare the resulting signals to identify orientation-dependent differences. In biological samples, these measurements can be related to the organization of fluorescent probes or structures within neurons.
In neuroscience, this approach can be applied to fluorescent probes and structures associated with neuronal membranes, cytoskeletal elements, or other molecular arrangements. Measurements may reveal how these components are organized or how their alignment changes. The method is especially useful when structural orientation provides information that a brightness-only image cannot supply.
Polarization-dependent fluorescence can provide evidence about molecular organization and orientation-dependent dynamics in neuronal systems. By comparing measurements obtained under different polarization conditions, researchers may detect changes that are not obvious in overall fluorescence intensity. These observations help connect fluorescent signals with the arrangement or behavior of membrane, cytoskeletal, and other molecular components.