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JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments
Biology
果蝇求偶条件反射:一种测试果蝇学习和记忆的方法
果蝇求偶条件反射:一种测试果蝇学习和记忆的方法
Encyclopedia of Experiments
Biology
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Encyclopedia of Experiments Biology
Drosophila Courtship Conditioning: A Method to Test Learning and Memory In Flies

果蝇求偶条件反射:一种测试果蝇学习和记忆的方法

Protocol
3,899 Views
04:13 min
April 30, 2023
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Transcript

- 首先,分离单个幼稚或未交配的黑腹果蝇雄性。然后,为了调节雄性,添加一只已经交配的雌性,因此不接受求偶。雄性表现出典型的求偶行为,例如朝她方向、跟着她走、用前腿敲打她,以及伸展和振动他的翅膀以发出求偶歌。他也可能会尝试舔和交配。无论付出怎样的努力,女性仍然不接受,而男性则经历着拒绝。因此,他学会了不追求以前交配过的雌性。

为了测试雄性的记忆力,让他休息,然后将他暴露给另一只交配的雌性。受过训练的雄性不会试图向这只苍蝇求爱,因为他保留了过去被拒绝的记忆。在示例协议中,我们将看到在用于短期和长期记忆评估的求偶条件测定的训练和测试阶段如何处理苍蝇。

- 首先麻醉 4 天大的交配文件中的所有成虫。将性别分开,并将单个预先配对的雌性转移到住宅区一排的 12 个井中的每一个中。然后,使用抽吸器,无需麻醉,将幼稚的雄性从他们的家庭井中取出,并将它们转移到含有预先怀孕的雌性的井中。在第二行中重复此过程以再设置 12 对。

要测试学习或短期记忆,请在黎明时分执行此设置,并让训练期持续一小时。为了测试长期记忆,请在主观黎明前 4 小时设置对,并让训练持续 8 小时。

- 为了建立学习和记忆,雄性未能交配很重要,因此在训练期间定期检查成对,以确保雄性被拒绝。

训练期结束后,使用抽吸器轻轻地将雄性从孔中取出,而不是二氧化碳麻醉。将雄性加载到新的住房块中。对于学习实验,训练后立即对雄性进行测试,不要休息。对于短期记忆实验,在开始测试阶段之前让雄性休息一个小时。对于长期记忆实验,让雄性休息到下一个主观黎明。

为了准备实验的测试阶段,麻醉预先交配的雌性并将它们转移到新的正常食物中。至少等待一个小时让果蝇从麻醉中恢复过来。接下来,准备测试设置。请务必准备好录像机以记录求爱场上的活动。

要开始测试,请在隔板关闭的情况下,使用轻柔的抽吸将测试雄性从住房区转移到求偶场。在竞技场之间移动入口孔,直到所有 18 个竞技场都装满了单身雄性。然后,使用相同的技术,将个体预先配对的雌性转移到 18 个竞技场中的每一个,但转移到分隔线的另一侧。现在,小心地翻转求偶竞技场,将其放在摄像机下方,井口朝向白色长凳表面。然后,取下分隔线并开始视频录制。记录至少 10 分钟的活动。实验结束后,使用真空吸尘器将苍蝇从竞技场中取出,并在重新使用之前为求偶室通风至少 10 分钟。

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