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JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments
Cancer Research
患者来源的异种移植物建模:一种生成黑色素瘤小鼠模型的技术
患者来源的异种移植物建模:一种生成黑色素瘤小鼠模型的技术
Encyclopedia of Experiments
Cancer Research
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Encyclopedia of Experiments Cancer Research
Patient-derived Xenograft Modeling: A Technique to Generate Melanoma Mouse Models

患者来源的异种移植物建模:一种生成黑色素瘤小鼠模型的技术

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03:16 min
April 30, 2023
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Please note that some of the translations on this page are AI generated. Click here for the English version.

Transcript

- 在患者来源的异种移植或 PDX 模型中,来自人类患者的肿瘤细胞或片段被植入免疫缺陷受体小鼠体内。PDX 模型模拟人类肿瘤微环境的生物学和分子特征。要开发黑色素瘤 PDX 模型,首先,从黑色素瘤患者身上收集肿瘤组织。从肿瘤中取出坏死组织。将肿瘤切碎以获得浆液。接下来,将麻醉的受体小鼠准备在俯卧位。在背侧皮肤上做一个小手术切口。轻轻切开皮肤下方的筋膜或松散的结缔组织层。这将皮肤与下面的肌肉层分开,并有助于为肿瘤植入创造一个口袋。

轻轻地将肿瘤浆液转移到口袋中。现在,将人工细胞外基质施入口袋中,以稳定和保护植入的肿瘤细胞。通过手术缝合伤口,让鼠标恢复。每周监测受体小鼠以观察异种移植肿瘤的生长。在以下方案中,我们将演示将患者来源的黑色素瘤肿瘤细胞皮下植入免疫缺陷的 NSG 小鼠中,以生成黑色素瘤患者来源的异种移植模型。

- 要植入手术切除或手术活检组织,首先,从 NSG 6 至 8 周龄的麻醉小鼠的下背部剃除毛发,留下大约 1.5 厘米至 3 厘米的区域没有毛发。准备肿瘤块并将培养皿中的肿瘤浆液分成单独的土丘以进行手术植入。使用手术刀刀片在鼠标背面的中心做一个大约 5 毫米长的切口。用一对镊子提起手术者对面切口一侧的皮肤。另一方面,用剪刀,用小剪刀轻轻剪断筋膜,将皮肤与肌肉层分开,从而为肿瘤组织创建一个口袋。

使用手术刀刀片拾取一个肿瘤块以及一堆单独的肿瘤浆状组织,然后轻轻地将组织放入创建的口袋中。然后,在口袋中的肿瘤组织丘上添加 100 微升人工细胞外基质。使用两对镊子,拉起两端的切口,使伤口边缘靠拢。然后,使用一个或两个伤口夹来闭合伤口。皮下注射每公斤镇痛药 1-5 毫克。愈合完全后,大约 7 天后,取下伤口夹。

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