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JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments
Cancer Research
前列腺癌细胞中基于 ADI 的自噬诱导:一种基于酶的技术,用于测量细胞中的自噬反应
前列腺癌细胞中基于 ADI 的自噬诱导:一种基于酶的技术,用于测量细胞中的自噬反应
Encyclopedia of Experiments
Cancer Research
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Encyclopedia of Experiments Cancer Research
ADI-based Autophagy Induction in Prostate Cancer Cells: An Enzyme-based Technique to Measure Autophagic Response in Cells

前列腺癌细胞中基于 ADI 的自噬诱导:一种基于酶的技术,用于测量细胞中的自噬反应

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03:45 min
July 8, 2025
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Please note that some of the translations on this page are AI generated. Click here for the English version.

Transcript

自噬是一种细胞内过程,可促进称为溶酶体的特殊消化区内不需要的细胞质成分和细胞器的降解。要评估自噬,首先对表达称为 LC3 的自噬标记蛋白的前列腺癌细胞进行贴壁培养,并偶联到绿色荧光蛋白。

从

本质上讲,前列腺癌细胞缺乏精氨酸氨基酸合成所需的精氨酸琥珀酸合酶。因此,这些细胞依赖于通过培养基补充外部精氨酸来生存和增殖。

接下来,用精氨酸脱亚胺酶或ADI处理细胞。ADI水解培养基中的游离精氨酸,导致精氨酸耗尽。结果,细胞经历代谢应激,在内部启动自噬反应。同时,用标记细胞内溶酶体的红色荧光染料处理细胞。

在

自噬过程中,称为吞噬体的杯状膜结构在受损的细胞质成分周围组装。最终,它们膨胀并密封货物,同时与自噬标记蛋白 LC3 偶联形成双膜囊泡或自噬体。LC3 蛋白还为自噬体提供荧光标签。然后囊泡与溶酶体融合形成自溶酶体。自溶酶体内的溶酶体蛋白酶会降解被吞噬的细胞成分。

实时观察自噬体和溶酶体发出的明亮荧光,以确定它们在细胞内的分布。

首先,在35毫米聚-D-赖氨酸涂层玻璃底培养皿上培养表达绿色荧光蛋白偶联轻链3的人前列腺癌细胞,如文本方案中所述。

细胞应以

足够的密度接种以促进快速增殖,但不要过多,以免细胞在成像时过度生长和结块。在PBS中用精氨酸脱氨酶或ADI处理选定的细胞样品,以耗尽细胞中的游离精氨酸并诱导癌细胞中的代谢应激。

成像

前约一小时,用含有 10% FBS 和 1% 抗生素的 20 毫升 RPMI 稀释 1.5 微升 LysoTracker Red。用 ADI 为处理的选定样品制备溶液。

将

所有培养基加热至37摄氏度后,向每个培养皿中加入适当的培养基。将细胞与含有 LysoTracker Red 的 RPMI 在 37 摄氏度下孵育 15 至 45 分钟。

成像

前约 30 分钟,打开气象站环境外壳并平衡至 37 摄氏度和 5% 二氧化碳。用PBS洗涤细胞,并用仅含有10%FBS和1%抗生素的标准RPMI替换培养基。

如

图所示,将 ADI 添加到样品中。将 35 毫米盖玻璃底培养皿安装在定制适配器中。在60X放大倍率、1.42数值孔径物镜上使用浸油,并将安装的培养皿定位在显微镜载物台上。

Key Terms and Definitions

  • Autophagy - An intracellular process that degrades unwanted cytoplasmic components.
  • Argininosuccinate Synthase - An enzyme absent in prostate cancer cells essential for arginine synthesis.
  • Arginine Deiminase (ADI) - Enzyme that hydrolyzes free arginine in media, causing cell stress.
  • LC3 Proteins - Autophagic marker proteins that provide fluorescent tags to autophagosomes.
  • Lysotracker Red DND-99 - A dye used to label lysosomes within cells during autophagy.

Scientific Background

  • Introduce Autophagy - A degradative process eliminating unwanted parts in cells (e.g., autophagy video).
  • Outline Prostate Cancer Cells - Lacking an enzyme, they depend on external arginine sources (e.g., prostate enzyme).
  • Explain Induction of Autophagy - ADI depletes arginine causing autophagy in the cells (e.g., autophagy induction).
  • Connect to Experiment - The cells are simultaneously treated with lysotracker red DND-99 (e.g., autophagy dye).

Questions that this video will help you answer

  • What is autophagy and how does it relate to prostate cancer cells (include ADI)?
  • What are LC3 proteins and their role in autophagy?
  • How does Arginine Deiminase initiate an autophagic response in cells?

Applications and Relevance

  • Practical Applications - Autophagy serves as a potential target for prostate cancer treatment (e.g., autophagy and prostate cancer).
  • Industry Impact - Autophagy research benefits healthcare and pharmaceutical sectors (e.g., prostate cancer enzyme marker).
  • Societal Importance - Observing real-time autophagy in cells can inform disease treatments (e.g., autophagy videos).
  • Link to Scientific Advancements - Dyes like lysotracker red dnd-99 help visualize cellular processes.

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