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JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments
Biological Techniques
液相等电聚焦:一种从粗匙羹藤提取物中分离生物活性分子的电泳技术
液相等电聚焦:一种从粗匙羹藤提取物中分离生物活性分子的电泳技术
Encyclopedia of Experiments
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Encyclopedia of Experiments Biological Techniques
Liquid Phase Isoelectric Focusing: An Electrophoresis Technique to Separate Bioactive Molecules from Crude Gymnema sylvestre Extract

液相等电聚焦:一种从粗匙羹藤提取物中分离生物活性分子的电泳技术

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03:11 min
July 8, 2025
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从预组装的等电聚焦 IEF 电池 - 液相电泳装置开始。该色谱柱是一个分隔的水平多孔室,两端有不同的正极和负极。

现在,以含有不同电荷成分的复杂混合物的植物提取物为例,具有不同的等电点 pI,即分子上的净电荷为零的 pH 值。

提取物中补充有可变电荷的两性电解质,以促进以后样品组分的分馏。

将

样品装入色谱柱的装载端口。目前,IEF 色谱柱具有恒定的 pH 值。接下来,施加高压以启动电泳。

在

电场下,可溶性两性电解质向带相反电荷的电极迁移,并在色谱柱上建立线性pH梯度。样品组分开始通过液相 pH 梯度迁移,而 pH 值低于其 pI 的组分带有净正电荷。

它们向负极迁移,直到组分达到其 pI,在那里它们的电荷中和,迁移停止。类似地,pH 值高于其 pI 的组分向正极迁移,并在达到 pI 时停止。这会根据样品组分的 pI 将其分离到聚焦的隔室中。收获纯化馏分以进行进一步分析。

将

0.6 克匙羹藤植物提取物加入 60 毫升蒸馏水中。通过在滚筒中混合五分钟来溶解植物提取物。

要去除不溶性颗粒,请将溶液以 10,000 x g 离心五分钟。将上清液转移到 150 毫升玻璃烧杯中,并加入两性电解质以制成体积百分比为 1% 的溶液,约 0.6 毫升。

使用 50 毫升注射器和 1.5 英寸、19 号钝端针头,通过样品收集端口将溶液加载到 IEF 池中。然后,从支架上取下电池,并轻敲电极室以去除并去除任何气泡。

将设备连接到冷却水。在恒定的 15 瓦功率下,开始分馏。运行 IEF 装置,直到电压达到恒定值,大约三个小时。

按下 Harvest ON 按钮后,将馏分收集器引脚与收集端口对齐。将销钉推过密封胶带,开始收集匙羹藤馏分。

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