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JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments
Neuroscience
通过慢性应激暴露诱导和评估小鼠抑郁症
通过慢性应激暴露诱导和评估小鼠抑郁症
Encyclopedia of Experiments
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Encyclopedia of Experiments Neuroscience
Induction and Evaluation of Depression in Mice Through Chronic Stress Exposure

通过慢性应激暴露诱导和评估小鼠抑郁症

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02:40 min
July 8, 2025
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Transcript

通过暴露于慢性压力诱导测试小鼠抑郁,并将其与对照小鼠进行比较。

对测试小鼠施加日常压力源,包括剥夺食物和水、限制在约束器中、隔离在没有垫料的笼子中、放置在潮湿或拥挤的笼子中以及强迫在冰冷的水中游泳。

这些压力源会触发皮质酮(一种压力荷尔蒙)的释放。

皮质酮与神经元上的受体结合,导致谷氨酸(一种兴奋性神经递质)过度释放。

过量的谷氨酸会过度激活透钙的离子受体,诱导钙持续流入,从而导致神经元死亡,这一过程称为兴奋性毒性。

海马体和前额叶皮层(情绪调节至关重要的区域)神经元的丢失会破坏信号传递并引发抑郁症状。

与对照小鼠相比,观察由于压力引起的梳理行为减少和食欲下降导致的体重减轻而导致的皮毛状况变化,表明抑郁。

为了诱导抑郁症,连续21天每天将小鼠暴露于以下七种压力源中的任意两种。通过清空每个笼子的饲料使小鼠处于食物剥夺状态,或通过取出水瓶24小时来剥夺水分。将小鼠暴露在受约束的压力下,将小鼠限制在一个小塑料桶中三个小时,或者将小鼠限制在一个去除衬垫的空笼子中。作为另一种选择,将水倒入每个笼子中并保持湿润 24 小时,将小鼠暴露在潮湿和脏污的笼子中。

将

小鼠暴露在拥挤的笼子中,将五只小鼠放在一个笼子中25小时。对于最后一种选择,通过强迫每只小鼠在装有冰水的透明玻璃水族箱中游泳五分钟,让小鼠暴露在冰冷的游泳中。最后,每周记录被毛状态和体重,直至第21天建模结束,并计算被毛状态的总分。

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