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JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments
Neuroscience
研究神经干细胞活化和迁移的最小脊髓损伤模型
研究神经干细胞活化和迁移的最小脊髓损伤模型
Encyclopedia of Experiments
Neuroscience
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Encyclopedia of Experiments Neuroscience
A Minimal Spinal Cord Injury Model to Study Neural Stem Cell Activation and Migration

研究神经干细胞活化和迁移的最小脊髓损伤模型

Protocol
501 Views
04:30 min
July 8, 2025
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Please note that some of the translations on this page are AI generated. Click here for the English version.

Transcript

拿一只麻醉的鼠标剃掉它的背部。

将其固定在立体定位装置中,并用卷纱布支撑胸椎。

对皮肤进行消毒,做一个垂直的中线切口,然后缩回皮肤。

将肌腱从胸椎上分离并缩回。

识别目标椎骨,然后切断椎间关节将其移除。

暴露脊髓并在中线的两侧插入一根弯曲的针。

针插入会在白质(包含轴突束的外脊髓层)中造成浅表损伤,同时保持中心管完好无损。

取出针头,然后缝合肌肉和皮肤。

受损细胞释放激活组织驻留免疫细胞的信号,进而激活中心管周围的神经干细胞或 NSC。

激活的 NSC 迁移到损伤部位,帮助组织修复。

在开始手术之前,使用理发器从麻醉小鼠的背部中部到颈部和耳朵去除皮毛。将鼠标固定在立体定位装置中后,将四到五块卷起的纱布放在腹部下方,同时轻轻拉动尾巴根部以拉直身体和脊柱。

将

胸纱布卷从小鼠腹部向上胸部推向上胸部,以支撑胸椎。并使用实验室胶带将尾巴和四肢固定在星形方向。用连续的70%乙醇和聚维酮碘拭子对暴露的皮肤进行消毒后,用10号手术刀刀片平行于动物的纵轴线,从双肩胛骨的中点到胸椎的曲率,做一个垂直切口。

缩

回皮肤,露出软组织和脊柱轮廓,并识别肩胛上脂肪垫的下缘。然后,用手术刀小心地,但用力地沿着椎骨 T5 到 T8 和 9 骨的两侧切开,以将背部肌肉肌腱从脊柱上分离出来。重新定位牵开器,使牵开器的牙齿插入脊柱两侧的切口部位,并展开每个牵开器以调整暴露,直到脊柱充分抬高,而不会对回缩的肌肉层施加太大压力。

在手术显微镜下,仔细清洁覆盖在脊柱上的残余肌肉和其他软组织,露出椎骨,用齿镊子夹住椎骨的棘突,并轻轻上下移动镊子以识别要切除的椎骨。接下来,将一把弯曲的钝剪刀的一个尖端插入暴露的椎间孔的两侧,尾部到要切除的椎板,并在双侧切割连接的椎间关节。然后,向上提起椎板,切断椎板的上部附着物,以隔离并去除骨头。

切

掉和移除椎板时,注意始终将剪刀向上倾斜,以免损坏下面的脊髓。

以背中线静脉为标志,将 30 号针尖斜面朝上的 45 度弯曲轴插入脊髓背外侧表面 1 毫米深,中线两侧外侧约 0.5 毫米。将针从尾部方向移动到喙侧约两毫米,使斜面的整个长度插入绳索中。然后,追溯入口路径以取出针头。

要闭合伤口,请取下牵开器,并使用 6-0 可吸收缝合线沿中线连接伤口两侧的背部肌肉,并使用 4-0 丝线缝合上覆皮肤。

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