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Biology
针对性斯尔纳的噬菌体介导的交付构造击倒基因表达电子。大肠杆菌
针对性斯尔纳的噬菌体介导的交付构造击倒基因表达电子。大肠杆菌
JoVE Journal
Biology
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JoVE Journal Biology
Phage-mediated Delivery of Targeted sRNA Constructs to Knock Down Gene Expression in E. coli

针对性斯尔纳的噬菌体介导的交付构造击倒基因表达电子。大肠杆菌

Full Text
13,102 Views
08:25 min
March 20, 2016

DOI: 10.3791/53618-v

Aude G. Bernheim*1, Vincent K. Libis*1, Ariel B. Lindner1, Edwin H. Wintermute1

1U1001,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris Descartes

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Please note that some of the translations on this page are AI generated. Click here for the English version.

Overview

This article describes a method for knocking down gene expression in E. coli using sequence-targeted sRNA expression cassettes delivered by an M13 phagemid vector. The technique allows for gene silencing in batch cultures without prior genetic modification, providing results within hours.

Key Study Components

Area of Science

  • Gene expression
  • Microbiology
  • Synthetic biology

Background

  • Gene knockdowns are used to study gene function.
  • This method can silence unwanted genes, such as virulence factors.
  • It is applicable in synthetic biology.
  • Results can be observed shortly after treatment.

Purpose of Study

  • To develop a method for gene knockdown in E. coli.
  • To explore the functionality of specific genes.
  • To provide a rapid and efficient gene silencing technique.

Methods Used

  • Site-directed mutagenesis of sRNA expression cassettes.
  • Transformation of E. coli with the modified phagemid.
  • Colony PCR to verify the incorporation of the correct guide sequence.
  • Infection of target cells with M13-packaged phagemids.

Main Results

  • Successful silencing of target genes was demonstrated.
  • Infected E. coli showed reduced survival under selective conditions.
  • Results indicated effective uptake of the phagemid.
  • Gene targeting was achieved with high efficiency.

Conclusions

  • The method allows for rapid gene knockdown in E. coli.
  • It can be applied to various genes of interest.
  • Working with phages requires caution due to potential hazards.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the main advantage of this gene knockdown method?
The main advantage is that it can be performed in batch cultures without prior genetic modification.
How quickly can results be observed?
Results can be observed just after a few hours of treatment.
What type of cells are used in this method?
The method is applied to growing populations of E. coli cells.
What is the role of the M13 phagemid vector?
The M13 phagemid vector delivers the sRNA expression cassettes to the target cells.
What safety precautions should be taken?
Working with phages can be hazardous, so appropriate lab safety protocols should be followed.
Can this method be used for synthetic biology applications?
Yes, it has potential applications in synthetic biology, including gene silencing.

我们描述了一种使用 M13 噬菌粒载体递送的序列靶向 sRNA 表达盒敲低不断增长的大肠杆菌细胞群中基因表达的方法。

该程序的总体目标是在不断增长的大肠杆菌种群中敲低目标基因。基因敲低通常用于探索基因功能的基本问题。这些方法也可能在合成生物学中得到应用。

例如,沉默不需要的基因,如毒力因子。该技术的主要优点是可以在大肠杆菌的批量培养中进行,无需事先进行基因改造,几个小时后即可观察到结果。首先,使用含有根据文本方案设计的 sRNA 表达盒的质粒,首先通过识别表达盒中的 24 个碱基对向导序列,对序列进行定点诱变。

设计和合成与现有 sRNA 盒同源的短区域正向和反向引物,位于新的 24 个碱基对向导序列的两侧。在携带模板 sRNA 表达噬菌粒的 LB 和抗生素中制备 5 毫升大肠杆菌培养物。将细胞在 37 摄氏度下摇动培养过夜。

从培养物中提取和纯化模板 sRNA 噬菌粒后,准备两个 PCR 反应,使用 10 至 50 倍于 sRNA 噬菌粒和高保真聚合酶推荐量的 DNA 模板。准备一个带有正向引物的反应和一个带有反向引物的反应。使用标准 PCR 条件进行反应后,将两个反应合并到微量离心管中。

然后在沸水浴中加热至 98 摄氏度,使产品退火。立即关闭热源,让浴槽在接下来的 1 到 2 小时内慢慢恢复到室温。为了去除未突变的模板 sRNA,向混合物中加入 1 微升 DpnI 限制性内切酶,并在 37 摄氏度下孵育 1 小时,或按照制造商推荐的完全消化时间孵育。

接下来,用 1 至 5 μL 退火的 PCR 产物转化化学感受态的大肠杆菌细胞。然后通过用抗生素选择性铺板在 LB 板上分离单个菌落。验证正确的向导序列是否与菌落 PCR 结合。

使用 200 μL 移液器吸头从单个转化集落中收集少量细胞。将收集的细胞加入微量离心管中的 50 微升无核酸酶水中,并通过移液混合。然后用台式热循环仪或沸水浴加热至 95 摄氏度 2 分钟,裂解细胞。

使用一微升裂解的细胞作为 DNA 模板,根据此处显示的条件进行 PCR。验证正确的向导序列后,用正确的 sRNA 克隆接种 5 mL 培养物,并使细胞生长过夜。第二天,将 750 μL 过夜培养物与 250 μL 60% 甘油混合在螺旋盖冻存管中,制备甘油原液。

为了制备 M13 包装的噬菌粒原液,制备 5 mL 的大肠杆菌过夜培养物,携带 sRNA 表达噬菌粒。此外,准备 5 mL 的大肠杆菌过夜培养物,携带 M13KO7 辅助质粒。第二天,纯化 DNA 后,用 sRNA 表达噬菌粒和辅助质粒各 1 μL 共转化化学感受态大肠杆菌。

用抗生素在 LB 琼脂上铺板,以选择两种构建体。噬菌粒表达对细胞来说是一个很大的适应负荷,可能导致转化效率降低。可能需要在两个连续的转化步骤中引入质粒。

将转化的细胞在 37 摄氏度下孵育过夜后,从共转化菌株的单个菌落中制备 10 mL 培养物。第二天早上,将培养物以 3300 x g 离心 10 分钟。收集上清液并通过 0.2 微米过滤器过滤。

将包装好的噬菌粒滤液储存在 4 摄氏度。制备 F + 靶细胞后,根据文本方案,将单个菌落接种到含有抗生素的 5 ml LB 培养基培养物中,并在 37 摄氏度下振荡生长过夜。第二天,使用 5 mL 选择性 LB 培养基将 F + 靶细胞稀释 1 到 100 个,然后继续孵育。

将细胞培养约两小时,直到获得 OD 600 为 0.3,表明对数期生长。当菌毛 F 的表达沉默以实现有效的噬菌粒感染时,靶向沉默的细胞应处于指数期。向靶细胞中加入 1:100 比例的 M13 包装噬菌粒,以实现近 99% 的靶细胞群感染。

让感染在 37 摄氏度下进行,同时摇晃 30 到 60 分钟。然后根据需要检测 sRNA 沉默表型。按照本视频中演示的方案,质粒 pAB 的 sRNA 沉默盒。

001 被改变为 mKate2 的靶标。该图表明,用抗 mKate2 噬菌粒感染的大肠杆菌菌株在背景上没有显示出可检测的 mKate2 荧光。然而,该菌株确实表达了 GFP,表明成功摄取了噬菌粒。

在本实验中,具有染色体整合的氯霉素乙酰转移酶或 CAT 基因的大肠杆菌菌株被靶向 CAT 的噬菌粒感染,并测试了氯霉素耐药性的 sRNA 沉默。噬菌粒靶向 CAT 的细胞在低氯霉素浓度下存活率降低,在较高浓度下存活率接近 99%。另一方面,未感染的细胞或感染了沉默 mKate2 的 sRNA 的细胞,在所有测试浓度下都对氯霉素具有耐药性。

如此处所示,添加氨苄西林,用于仅选择携带噬菌粒的细菌,将氯霉素的存活率降低到无法检测的水平。改变 sRNA 靶基因和产生感染的噬菌粒可以在 5 天内完成。不要忘记,使用噬菌体对于实验室中的其他实验可能非常危险,因此在执行此程序时应始终采取预防措施,例如使用专用实验室器皿,以避免不必要的污染。

观看此视频后,您应该对如何设计、克隆和生产感染的噬菌粒有很好的了解,这些噬菌粒携带 sRNA 以敲除活跃增长的大肠杆菌种群中的任何目标基因。

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