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Environment
一个插角Thermogradient表来控制土壤温度为评估植物生长和监测土壤过程
一个插角Thermogradient表来控制土壤温度为评估植物生长和监测土壤过程
JoVE Journal
Environment
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JoVE Journal Environment
A Gusseted Thermogradient Table to Control Soil Temperatures for Evaluating Plant Growth and Monitoring Soil Processes

一个插角Thermogradient表来控制土壤温度为评估植物生长和监测土壤过程

Full Text
12,393 Views
07:40 min
October 22, 2016

DOI: 10.3791/54647-v

Gregory E. Welbaum1, Osamah S. Khan1, Nezar H. Samarah1,2

1Department of Horticulture,Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 2Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture,Jordan University of Science and Technology

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Please note that some of the translations on this page are AI generated. Click here for the English version.

Overview

This article discusses a novel design for a one-dimensional thermogradient table that enhances temperature control for biological experiments. The design incorporates welded gussets to facilitate heat flow, allowing for precise temperature equilibration in soil and other samples.

Key Study Components

Area of Science

  • Neuroscience
  • Biology

Background

  • Traditional thermogradient tables provide a range of temperatures across their surfaces.
  • The new design improves temperature control in depth.
  • Applications include studying the effects of temperature on biological processes.
  • LED lighting supports plant growth during experiments.

Purpose of Study

  • To demonstrate the setup and applications of the new thermogradient table design.
  • To improve temperature control for experiments involving soil and biological samples.
  • To facilitate the study of temperature effects on seed germination and other biological processes.

Methods Used

  • Setup of a thermogradient table with welded aluminum gussets.
  • Use of climate-controlled circulating baths for precise temperature management.
  • Monitoring soil temperatures with wireless data loggers.
  • Conducting experiments on seed germination under controlled temperature conditions.

Main Results

  • The new table design showed stable temperature variations across different soil depths.
  • Experiments demonstrated effective seed germination at controlled temperatures.
  • LED lighting provided adequate light for plant growth.
  • The design allows for various applications, including testing de-icing treatments.

Conclusions

  • The gusseted thermogradient table enhances experimental temperature control.
  • It is suitable for a range of biological applications beyond seed germination.
  • Future studies can utilize this design for diverse temperature-related experiments.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a thermogradient table?
A thermogradient table is a device used to create a controlled temperature gradient for experimental purposes.
How does the new design improve temperature control?
The new design uses welded gussets to enhance heat flow and temperature stability across samples.
What types of experiments can be conducted with this table?
Experiments can include seed germination studies and testing the effects of temperature on biological processes.
What materials are used in the construction of the table?
The table is made from aluminum with an insulated PVC enclosure to prevent warping and cracking.
How is temperature monitored during experiments?
Temperature is monitored using wireless miniature data loggers placed in the soil.
Can the table be used for experiments at subfreezing temperatures?
Yes, the table can operate at subfreezing temperatures for various experimental applications.

传统的热梯度表在整个表面创建了一个温度范围。垂直于热梯度台表面的焊接角撑板将深度控制温度,从而增加可能的研究应用。

本视频的总体目标是演示带有角撑板和土壤的一维热梯度台的设置、使用和应用。我们开发了一种新的热梯度工作台设计,通过在垂直于工作台表面的间隔焊接铝条或角撑板来提供更好的温度控制。这种设计促进了工作台表面上方的热流,因此放置在角撑板之间的土壤或容器化样品可以平衡到整个工作台上足够高的温度。

这种工作台设计可以在单个实验中测试温度对重复样品的生物和物理过程的影响。与以前的渐变台设计相比,新的台面设计在台面长度上焊接了 9 个 3 英寸高的角撑板。现在,LED 灯具从桌子的侧面发射光合作用有功频率,以便在桌子关闭时支持幼苗的生长。

覆盖新工作台设计的绝缘外壳由白色 PVC 制成,不易翘曲和开裂。运行时,两个气候控制的循环浴槽以每分钟至少 10 升的速度将水泵入桌面地板。每个浴槽的温度都是独立控制的,可以加热或冷却以获得实验所需的精确温度。

作前,确保空气过滤器和循环槽的储液罐清洁。现在,通常用蒸馏水和防冻液的等量混合物将每个浴槽填充到储液罐的顶部。接下来,在桌子的两端,将浴缸的入口和出口连接到桌子的出口和入口。

管子必须厚壁、柔性,并且具有非弹性壁,在压力下不会膨胀,也不会在弯曲时扭结。使用带环的螺纹软管夹固定管附件,以防止泄漏。然后,用绝缘材料包裹管子;管道泡沫保温效果很好,可以最大限度地减少循环溶液的温度变化。

现在,打开所有阀门,打开泵以检查是否有泄漏、扭结或管道塌陷。根据需要进行调整。最后,检查照明设备,确保它们也正常运行。

要开始准备实验,首先在桌子底部衬垫之间的角撑板,铺上亲水材料,如温室毛细管垫、不光面报纸或纸巾。这将有助于将灌溉水更均匀地分布在桌子上。接下来,在角撑板之间,用土壤均匀地填充桌子。

例如,可能会使用天然或合成土壤。在桌子上填满泥土时,避免产生气穴,这会干扰温度平衡和均匀水合作用。现在,打开阀门并打开泵和温度控制器,最初,将冷却浴的温度设置为比所需的低温低 5 摄氏度,并将加热浴的温度设置为比所需的高温高 5 摄氏度。

这将考虑循环过程中的热量损失和增加。接下来,准备无线微型数据记录器来记录土壤温度。用封口膜包裹每个温度记录器,以避免水损坏。

然后将它们分散在生长介质中,以监测桌子上不同位置的温度。接下来,通过调整支脚来设置桌子的倾斜度,这样朝向排水角有一个非常小的坡度。在排水管下方放置一个容器,以收集任何灌溉径流。

然后,均匀润湿生长介质,大约是其持水能力的四分之三。较潮湿的土壤会更有效地传导热量。准备好更频繁地给桌子温暖端的土壤浇水。

现在,让桌子平衡 24 小时。稍后,调整浴槽温度以达到所需的土壤温度范围。使用热敏电阻温度传感器、热冲天炉或红外测温仪快速读取温度。

将浴槽调整到所需温度后,种植实验用种子。在比较不同土壤温度下的植物生长时,该工作台可以在没有盖子的情况下作。互透覆盖物是透明塑料片,用于改善土壤温度平衡,减少蒸发损失,并允许光传输以促进植物生长。

第二个盖子是一个更坚固的绝缘盖,当不需要外部光线或额外空间时,应使用。在整个实验过程中,密切监测系统是否停电、浴槽故障、泄漏、土壤干燥或工作台温度的过度波动。此外,请务必定期检查蓄水池并根据需要添加水和/或防冻液。

对于这些实验,角撑式热梯度台在设置后仅 12 小时就保持稳定。它显示了在三个土壤深度测量的四个不同位置可接受的温度变化。对于照明,侧面安装的 LED 植物生长灯产生植物所需的所有光合作用有功频率,但是,可以使用其他照明。

例如,在研究小麦种子的发芽时,除了 LED 照明外,还使用了补充的架空荧光灯。发芽实验是在番茄、甜瓜、燕麦和生菜种子上进行的。从这些数据中,可以很容易地计算出水温范围、峰值水温和最快水生温度。

插角式热梯度台设计可用于除种子发芽之外的各种应用。例如,使用一些额外的工具,可以测量二氧化碳和其他气体的演变。由于该工作台也可以在低于冰点的温度下运行,因此可用于模拟冻结的路面,以测试不同除冰处理的影响。

梯度表的另一个有趣应用是,它可用于摩擦测试,包括亚冰点摩擦测试。

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