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DOI: 10.3791/57849-v
Eriko Katsuta1, Masanori Oshi1, Omar M. Rashid2,3,4,5, Kazuaki Takabe1,6,7,8,9,10
1Breast Surgery, Department of Surgical Oncology,Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, 2Holy Cross Hospital Michael and Dianne Bienes Comprehensive Cancer Center, 3Department of Surgery,Massachusetts General Hospital, 4Department of Surgery,University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 5Department of Surgery,Nova Southeastern University School of Medicine, 6Department of Surgery,University at Buffalo Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, 7Department of Breast Surgery and Oncology,Tokyo Medical University, 8Department of Surgery,Yokohama City University, 9Department of Surgery,Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 10Department of Surgery,Fukushima Medical University
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我们介绍了小鼠原位乳腺癌模型和根治性乳房切除术模型与生物发光技术, 以量化肿瘤负担, 以模拟人类乳腺癌的进展。
这种方法可以帮助回答乳腺癌领域有关如何模仿人类乳腺癌进展和小鼠模型中的治疗关键问题。这种小鼠乳腺癌模型的主要优点是,正畸植入后肿瘤发生率高,乳房切除术后局部复发率低。首先确认麻醉雌性小鼠对手趾捏没有反应,然后将动物的四肢贴在手术板上。
使用无菌棉签用氯己定、碘和75%乙醇对手术区进行消毒。并在前胸壁中间做一个五毫米的皮肤切口。接下来抬起紧邻切口的皮肤右侧,使用无菌微切除剪刀将皮肤从胸壁上分离。
倒置皮肤,露出正确的二号乳腺脂肪垫,并使用配备28.5量针的一毫升胰岛素注射器,小心地将20微升癌细胞悬浮液通过伤口注射到脂肪垫中。将针头放在脂肪垫内五秒钟,让胶合癌细胞蛋白混合物在取出针头之前凝固,用无菌的5-0不可吸收的缝合线关闭切口。然后将动物放在一个干净的笼子里,进行监控,直到完全卧发。
在癌症接种后8天进行乳房切除术,如刚刚演示的,为小鼠进行手术准备,并在癌细胞接种手术疤痕左侧做一个5毫米的皮肤切口两毫米。将切口向前肢根部延伸,以切除肿瘤和皮肤,包括手术疤痕、与肿瘤接触的病变,以及乳房切除术时通常不存在可见淋巴结的轴淋巴结盆。然后用Y形状的无菌5-0不可吸收的缝合线关闭皮肤缺陷,然后将动物返回到其笼子,并监测直至完全在职。
对于肺转移定量接种21天后注射150毫克每公斤D-路西芬IP15分钟安乐死前。并使用弯曲的梅奥剪刀打开皮肤和腹膜在中腹。按下肝脏,直到膜片可以可视化,并削减隔膜和双边肋骨从卡达德到头。
翻转前胸壁以暴露肺部并抬起肺以识别胸食道,这看起来像连接肺与脊柱的绳子。用微切除剪刀切开食道,用钳子将两个肺和心脏拉向肺。然后将气管和主要血管切到头孢的肺顶点,将肺放入10厘米的培养皿中,进行生物发光成像。
用剪刀将心脏从肺组织中去除。从乳腺脂肪垫癌细胞接种后约八天开始,肺部的生物发光比反映活小鼠原发性肿瘤负担的原发性病变更深、更小。使用卡钳测量肿瘤大小可就地估计肿瘤体积。
这种乳房切除术模型还允许连续转移肿瘤负担监测,而无需安乐死动物。肺转移的肿瘤负担也可以通过外活成像来量化,但限制是小鼠必须安乐死。手术治疗后小鼠的生存也可以作为可翻译的临床终点进行监测。
这项技术开发后,为乳腺癌领域的研究人员探索新药开发,以及一般乳腺癌研究铺平了道路。
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