Autonomic Function Following Concussion in Youth Athletes: An Exploration of Heart Rate Variability Using 24-hour Recording Methodology

Melissa Paniccia; Tim Taha; Michelle Keightley; Scott Thomas; Lee Verweel; James Murphy; Katherine Wilson; Nick Reed

doi:10.3791/58203

JoVE Journal
Medicine

This content is Free Access.

JoVE Journal Medicine

Autonomic Function Following Concussion in Youth Athletes: An Exploration of Heart Rate Variability Using 24-hour Recording Methodology

青年运动员脑震荡后的自主功能: 用24小时记录法探讨心率变异性

Full Text

10,635 Views

05:48 min

September 21, 2018

DOI: 10.3791/58203-v

Melissa Paniccia¹, Tim Taha², Michelle Keightley^1,3, Scott Thomas², Lee Verweel¹, James Murphy¹, Katherine Wilson¹, Nick Reed^1,3,4

¹Concussion Centre, Bloorview Research Institute,Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, ²Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education,University of Toronto, ³Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medicine,University of Toronto, ⁴Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Medicine,University of Toronto

Please note that some of the translations on this page are AI generated. Click here for the English version.

Overview

This study presents a methodology for 24-hour heart rate recording to assess the impact of concussion on recovery in youth athletes. The approach aims to provide an ecologically valid context for understanding physiological changes following concussive injuries.

Key Study Components

Area of Science

Neuroscience
Physiology
Sports Medicine

Background

Concussions are common in youth sports and can have lasting effects.
Understanding heart rate variability can provide insights into recovery.
Traditional methods may lack ecological validity.
This study aims to address these gaps through longitudinal data collection.

Purpose of Study

To evaluate heart rate fluctuations in youth athletes post-concussion.
To visualize changes in the autonomic nervous system during recovery.
To establish a reliable method for data collection in real-world settings.

Methods Used

Participants wore a heart rate monitor for 24 hours post-injury.
Demographic data and concussion symptoms were collected.
Heart rate data was analyzed using power spectral analysis.
Recovery trajectories were visualized through statistical software.

Main Results

Heart rate variability showed significant fluctuations over time.
Recovery patterns were similar across genders, with notable trends.
Data indicated potential links between autonomic function and activity levels.
Future studies should incorporate physical and cognitive diaries.

Conclusions

The methodology provides a robust framework for studying concussions.
Findings highlight the importance of monitoring heart rate variability.
This approach can inform future research in pediatric concussion recovery.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the significance of heart rate variability in concussion recovery?

Heart rate variability can indicate the state of the autonomic nervous system and its response to stressors, including concussive injuries.

How was the heart rate data collected?

Participants wore a heart rate monitor for 24 hours, which recorded data continuously during their daily activities.

What demographic information was collected from participants?

Demographic data included age, sex, and injury history, which are important for analyzing recovery patterns.

What tools were used for data analysis?

Data was analyzed using statistical software that allowed for power spectral analysis of heart rate variability.

What are the implications of this study for future research?

The study paves the way for more comprehensive research on pediatric concussions, particularly in understanding the relationship between heart rate variability and recovery.

How can this methodology be applied in clinical settings?

Clinicians can use this approach to monitor recovery in young athletes, providing insights that can guide treatment and rehabilitation strategies.

我们展示了一个24小时心率记录方法, 以评估脑震荡的影响, 在青年运动员的恢复轨迹, 在一个生态有效的背景下。

该方法可为小儿脑震荡后沿恢复轨迹收集和解释生理数据提供生态上有效的环境。这种纵向研究的主要优点是能够可视化脑震荡损伤后多个时间点的自主神经系统波动。演示这个程序的有詹姆斯·墨菲，一个经理，和克里斯·古普塔，一个研究学生，都在脑震荡中心。

在获得家长和参与者的同意后，请参与者填写人口统计收集表。指导学员填写戈丁休闲时间锻炼问卷和脑震荡后症状清单。然后，测量并记录参与者的身高和体重。

接下来，根据参与者躯干周长选择适当的胸带尺寸，将表带放在躯干周围，放在参与者的衣服上。调整表带以体现紧而舒适的配合，并确认表带在 xiphoid 工艺的胸骨周围牢固安装。使用夹式按钮将心率传感器连接到胸带，并在表带的导电塑料表面涂抹适量的低过敏电极凝胶。

向学员演示胸带扣的位置，让学员进入私人区域或洗手间，以便参与者可以直接将胸带带放在皮肤上，将传感器直接放在胸骨的 xiphoid 过程和右侧向上，以确保最佳的心率记录。然后，在手表停止录制时，向学员提供手表和故障排除说明表，指示他们在整个 24 小时录制期间不要移除手表。当天或脑震荡损伤后尽快完成急性脑震荡评估表，收集损伤机理和损伤后遗症信息。

管理戈丁休闲时间锻炼问卷，以捕获身体活动剧目和脑震荡后症状清单的变化，以确定症状的数量和严重程度。使用提供的 USB 传输电缆将手表连接到计算机，并将心率数据上传到传感器提供的软件程序。将 HRM 数据文件传输到数据分析程序，并选择相应的高频和低频域可变带宽，如所示。

选择具有 50% 重叠的 300 秒窗口框架、4 赫兹的插值速率以及用于功率光谱分析的快速 Fourier 变换。然后，将心率变异性数据保存为新的 HRM 文件，供以后在强大的统计软件中进行分析，并像刚才演示的，将传感器与学员的躯干配合使用。在这里，显示脑震荡参与者的 24 小时心率记录库比奥斯输出。

原始恢复速率序列允许研究人员可视化跨时间的变化，突出显示对数据解释至关重要的关键时间点增加或减少。例如，第 5 小时和第 11 小时之间的上升趋势反映了平静和低功能活动状态。相反，从第 11 小时到第 13 小时的减少时间表明检测到更多的功能活动，但由于该参与者没有完成全面的日记，因此不确定 RR 间隔时间的下降是否代表身体或认知活动，还是两者的组合。

时间和频域变量分别代表生理信号和自主神经系统分支的整体变异性。在这些代表性的图表中，按性别分层显示 pNN50 与脑震荡后综合征库存总分之间的关系，按性别分层。例如，在这些参与者中，恢复轨迹在男性和女性中似乎都相似，在男女之间观察到最初的下降，直到第30天，随后是男性在第75天和女性第90天之前增加，之后，两个轨迹都遵循一个高原。

安全安装心率表带并提醒参与者时刻佩戴手表非常重要。未来的研究应该包括管理身体和认知日记，以回答一些问题，如自主神经系统的波动如何与身体和认知活动的不同水平保持一致？该协议为脑震荡领域的研究人员探索研究不足的儿科人群的心率变异性铺平了道路。