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Biology
一种用于阴南芥叶片安装的通用方法
一种用于阴南芥叶片安装的通用方法
JoVE Journal
Biology
This content is Free Access.
JoVE Journal Biology
A Versatile Method for Mounting Arabidopsis Leaves for Intravital Time-lapse Imaging

一种用于阴南芥叶片安装的通用方法

Full Text
8,789 Views
07:52 min
February 11, 2019

DOI: 10.3791/59147-v

Shigeyuki Betsuyaku1,2,3,4, Nobuhiko Nomura3,4, Hiroo Fukuda2

1Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), PRESTO, 2Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science,The University of Tokyo, 3Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences,University of Tsukuba, 4Microbiology Research Center for Sustainability,University of Tsukuba

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Please note that some of the translations on this page are AI generated. Click here for the English version.

Overview

This study reports a versatile method for performing fluorescent live imaging of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves to investigate gene activity during immune responses. Using a transgenic plant with a fluorescent reporter linked to an immunity-related promoter, the research details the dynamic spatiotemporal regulation of the promoter during pathogen inoculation.

Key Study Components

Research Area

  • Plant Immunology
  • Fluorescent Imaging
  • Gene Regulation

Background

  • Understanding plant immune responses is critical for improving crop resilience.
  • Fluorescent imaging techniques can provide insights into gene expression dynamics.
  • Arabidopsis thaliana serves as a model organism for studying plant biology.

Methods Used

  • Fluorescent live imaging of intact Arabidopsis leaves.
  • Transgenic Arabidopsis expressing a reporter under an immune-related promoter.
  • Time-lapse imaging and analysis using specialized software.

Main Results

  • Demonstrated transient activation of the PR1 promoter in response to pathogen attack.
  • Promoter activity peaking around 12 hours post-inoculation, indicative of immune response timing.
  • Data analysis confirmed significant spatiotemporal dynamics in gene expression during immunity.

Conclusions

  • This method enables precise visualization of gene activity in plants, enhancing understanding of immune responses.
  • The findings provide a foundation for further research into plant immunity and gene regulation.

Frequently Asked Questions

What model organism is used in this study?
Arabidopsis thaliana is used as the model organism.
What is the main advantage of the imaging method described?
It allows for long-term observation of spatiotemporal dynamics in gene expression.
Which promoter is studied in this research?
The research focuses on the PR1 promoter linked to immune responses.
How is the imaging conducted?
Fluorescent live imaging is performed on intact leaves with a time-lapse setup.
What are the expected outcomes of the study?
The study aims to elucidate how gene activity changes in response to pathogen presence.
How does this method contribute to plant biology?
It enhances understanding of the temporal regulation of immune responses in plants.
What tools are used for data analysis?
Image analysis software is utilized to quantitatively and qualitatively analyze gene expression data.

我们报告了一种简单和通用的方法, 用于在较长时间内对拟南芥叶片进行荧光实时成像。我们使用转基因拟南芥植物表达荧光记者基因在免疫相关的启动子控制下作为一个例子, 以获得时空了解植物免疫反应。

这种方法可以帮助回答在动态生物事件期间,如在完整的阿拉伯叶的免疫,感兴趣的基因的时空调控。这种技术的主要优点是,它使我们能够在几天内捕获土壤中生长完好无损的植物叶子中的促进剂活动的时空动力学。要开始此过程,请用自功能化土壤填充塑料电池塞托盘。

在每个细胞中播种一颗转基因阿拉伯植物种子。将托盘转移到保持在 23 摄氏度的生长室,并在连续白光条件下种植植物两到三周。在病原体接种前两天,将携带 avrRpt2 的病原体从甘油库存带到NYG介质上,该介质中含有每升100毫克的利福平和每升50毫克的卡那霉素。

在28摄氏度下孵育48小时。使用塑料尖端,收获出现在介质表面的细菌细胞。将细菌转移到含有10毫摩尔氯化镁的塑料管中,然后重新暂停。

然后在600纳米时测量溶液的光学密度。将细菌细胞的最终浓度调整为每毫升1亿个菌落形成单位,通常对应于0.2的OD600。首先,小心切出一个包含两到三周大植物的细胞塞,确保不损坏植物。

将单元格设置在空单元格插头托盘中,以保持良好的平衡。选择明显健康的叶进行接种。注意到一般来说,第三,第四和第五叶从植物的底部很容易处理。

接种前为植物的土壤浇水,进行长期延时成像。可选地,在分析应激反应启动子时,在病原体接种前检查荧光立体显微镜下的叶子,以验证没有YFP信号。接下来,戴上一次性乳胶手套,避免在渗透过程中直接接触病原体。

使用一毫升无针塑料注射器,小心地用细菌悬浮液渗入叶的阿轴侧。在叶的一半上接种一小部分,可以良好地可视化 PR1 促进剂活动。使用柔软的纸巾从渗透叶的渗透区域吸收多余的细菌悬浮液。

接种后,立即使用手术胶带将玻璃滑梯固定到塑料托盘上,使渗入的叶子位于玻璃滑梯的中心。确保接种的叶片完全安装在玻璃滑轨中。将一块双层塑料胶带切成两块,以适合渗透叶的花角,并切掉每一块角落。

使用一对细钳子,将这些胶带粘在小刀的两侧,使每块的切角与叶片的底座对齐,确保胶带片不会接触小刀或叶片。接下来准备一块额外的双层塑料胶带,如文本协议图二所示。将这块胶带贴在先前粘附的碎片上,在小刀上架起一座桥,小心不要直接在胶带碎片之间抓住小刀或叶片。

然后轻轻地将一小块手术胶带粘在叶片尖端上方的玻璃滑梯上,以便轻轻地固定在幻灯片上。仅牢固地压在直接接触玻璃滑梯的胶带部分。轻轻地将另一小块手术胶带放在小贴带和塑料胶带片的边框上,使宠物非常轻轻地固定在玻璃滑梯和塑料胶带片上,确保只牢固地将直接接触玻璃幻灯片或塑料胶带片的手术胶带部分固定起来。

将 200 微升移液器尖轻轻插入土壤中,轻轻地将相邻的叶子从渗透的叶子上抱开。首先打开荧光立体显微镜。将植物放入用于成像的立体显微镜的客观透镜下的空间。

设置延时成像的参数。使用传统的 YFP 滤波器可视化 YFP 信号。使用德州红过滤器可视化叶绿素自荧光,使 PCD 域可见为被 YFP 阳性细胞层包围的暗区域。

接下来,使用传统的光光场设置进行额外的光照射步骤,确保在延时成像的间隔期间对光暴露步骤进行编程,因为光线对植物免疫力有重大影响。运行延时成像程序。对于几天的长期观察,请考虑适当地为植物浇水。

图像采集后,从数据集中省略用于光照射的额外通道。使用图像分析软件,使用兴趣区域分析等多种方法分析数据。在这项研究中,演示了一种多用途的方法,用于安装阿拉伯叶,用于病毒内延时成像。

使用 avrRpt2 诱导 ETI 的延时图像数据的代表性示例既作为一系列图像,又作为延时影片获得。在 avrPt2 诱导 ETI 期间使用 pPR1-YPF-NLS 的成功实验中,观察到 PR1 启动子的瞬态激活,这从 YFP 表达 foci 和 PCD 域周围的几层细胞中可见一些。在PCD域周围的细胞中激活PR1启动子,通常在接种后大约5小时开始,接种后约12小时达到峰值,接种后持续长达40小时。

尝试此过程时,需要仔细确定延时条件,如文本中所述。按照本程序,可以使用分析软件对启动剂活动进行定量和定性分析。这些分析有助于我们探索在阿拉伯植物活叶发生的任何生物事件中基因表达的时空动力学。

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