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小鼠间间间禁食的代谢效应评估 2:1 间歇禁食
小鼠间间间禁食的代谢效应评估 2:1 间歇禁食
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Biology
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JoVE Journal Biology
Assessment of the Metabolic Effects of Isocaloric 2:1 Intermittent Fasting in Mice

小鼠间间间禁食的代谢效应评估 2:1 间歇禁食

Full Text
9,471 Views
08:06 min
November 27, 2019

DOI: 10.3791/60174-v

Ri Youn Kim*1,2, Ju Hee Lee*3,4, Yena Oh1,2, Hoon-Ki Sung3,4,5, Kyoung-Han Kim1,2

1University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 2Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine,University of Ottawa, 3Translational Medicine Program,The Hospital for Sick Children, 4Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology,University of Toronto, 5Banting and Best Diabetes Centre,University of Toronto

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Overview

This article presents a protocol for isocaloric 2:1 intermittent fasting using wild-type and ob/ob mice to study its effects on obesity and glucose metabolism. The approach includes a fasting phase followed by a feeding phase, allowing insights into dietary interventions independent of calorie intake.

Key Study Components

Research Area

  • Obesity
  • Metabolic Dysfunction
  • Intermittent Fasting

Background

  • Intermittent fasting regimens can aid in understanding dietary impacts on weight and metabolism.
  • This study emphasizes the unique benefits of a 2:1 fasting regimen versus more common fasting methods.
  • Mouse models are utilized to explore weight management and glucose homeostasis.

Methods Used

  • Periodic fasting and refeeding cycles
  • Wild-type and genetically obese ob/ob mice
  • Body composition analysis and glucose tolerance testing

Main Results

  • Intermittent fasting reduced fat mass without impacting lean mass in wild-type mice.
  • Enhanced glucose tolerance and improved metabolism were observed in high-fat diet mice under intermittent fasting compared to control groups.
  • In ob/ob mice, intermittent fasting significantly improved glucose handling.

Conclusions

  • The study indicates that intermittent fasting can effectively reduce obesity and improve glucose metabolism.
  • This research is significant for understanding dietary interventions in metabolic disorders.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the main focus of the study?
The study focuses on the effects of a 2:1 intermittent fasting protocol on obesity and glucose metabolism in mice.
How does intermittent fasting differ from other fasting methods?
Unlike alternate day fasting, the 2:1 intermittent fasting allows for a full recovery to energy loss during the feeding phase.
What mouse models were used in the experiments?
Wild-type and ob/ob mice were used to evaluate the effects of the fasting regimen.
What reassurances are provided for the experimental setup?
It's recommended to ensure uniformity in housing density and acclimation periods to minimize variables.
What were the key findings regarding energy metabolism?
Intermittent fasting led to lower weight gain in wild-type mice and significant improvements in glucose handling in ob/ob mice.
How did body composition change with intermittent fasting?
The research indicated a reduction in fat mass with no significant change in lean mass for wild-type mice.

本文描述了异热2:1间歇性禁食的详细方案,以保护和治疗野生型和ob/ob小鼠的肥胖和葡萄糖代谢受损。

两到一个间歇性禁食方案包括一天的禁食,然后两天的喂养,使得研究饮食干预的影响涉及定期能量限制,而不是卡路里摄入的影响。与交替的一天禁食不同,在喂养下两到一次间歇性禁食为小鼠提供了足够的时间来充分补偿禁食过程中的能量损失和体重减轻。这使得科学家能够检查定期禁食的影响,与卡路里摄入量无关。

两到一个间歇性禁食促进许多好处,在肥胖和相关代谢功能障碍,包括受损的葡萄糖平衡和脂肪肝疾病的饮食。该协议可以很容易地调整为五到两个饮食方案,包括五天的喂养和两天的禁食或限时喂养,其中获得食物的时间是每天八小时。如果使用小鼠模型,显示替代喂养行为,如超噬菌体,则副食性喂养可能不是适当的控制条件。

在这种情况下,需要配对喂养规则来检查和比较间歇性禁食的影响。首先准备一个正常的饮食或高脂肪饮食的精益和饮食诱发肥胖小鼠模型。分别使用刻度和 EchomRI 测量每七周大雄性 C57BL/6J 小鼠的基线体重和组成。

根据体重和身体组成结果随机和平均地将小鼠分成两组:ad libitum 或 AL、间歇性禁食或 IF 组。然后,每个笼子放置两到三只老鼠,确保老鼠可以自由获得饮用水。在开始 IF 方案之前,允许小鼠在一周内适应新的笼环境。

当准备开始禁食期时,在12:00将老鼠转移到一个干净的笼子里,在12:00.m。向 AL 组提供加权量的食物。没有食物给 IF 组。

24小时后,称重两组小鼠以及AL笼中剩余的食物。下午 12:00 .m,向 AL 和 IF 组提供加权量的食物。

一旦喂养期过期,测量小鼠的重量和剩余食物。在研究期间重复循环。在实验期间设置一对喂养或 PF 控制组,以确保卡路里与 IF 的独立比较。测量 IF 组消耗的食物量。

将它均匀地分成三部分,每天向 PF 控件提供一部分。当与饮食行为改变的动物(如高噬细胞)合作时,每天向对照组提供同等数量的食物,以防止老鼠同时食用食物至关重要。要分析小鼠的身体组成,打开身体组成分析仪,让机器打开两三个小时进行预热。

在使用它之前,运行系统测试以确保测量的准确性。如有必要,使用菜籽油校准系统。测量每只鼠标的体重。

然后,把它放在小动物圆柱架上。插入分隔符以在测量过程中限制鼠标的物理移动。将支架放入车身成分分析仪中。

运行扫描程序,这可能需要 90 到 120 秒。然后,从设备中取出支架。将鼠标放回笼子。

进行葡萄糖和胰岛素耐受性测试,检查间歇性禁食对葡萄糖平衡的影响。通宵或六小时禁食后,对每只小鼠进行葡萄糖或胰岛素的内向注射。然后,使用血糖计测量注射后 0、5、15、30、60 和 120 分钟的血糖。

为了研究间歇性禁食对能量代谢的影响,在一个周期的 IF 内进行间接热量测量。在老鼠适应系统后,通过从漏斗和笼子底部取出食物和面包屑来快速清除它们。在两天的再喂养期24小时后重新引入食物。在 IF 周期结束时,将小鼠带回原始笼子,并收集程序中的数据。

禁食24小时的小鼠体重减轻了10%,经过两天的再喂养后完全恢复。在比较一到一和二到一间间歇性禁食之间的能量摄入时,发现一天的再进气期不足以弥补禁食时热量损失。与AL相比,IF治疗导致野生型小鼠体重下降,以正常周或高脂肪饮食喂养,食物摄入量无显著差异。

身体组成分析表明,如果减少脂肪质量而不改变野生型小鼠的瘦质量。对食对控制实验证实,IF减少体重增加并不是由于野生型小鼠能量摄入的改变。然而,在基因肥胖,ob/ob,小鼠对照组是无法区分的,IF组在体重和身体组成。

葡萄糖和胰岛素耐受性测试表明,高脂肪饮食如果小鼠表现出显著改善的葡萄糖平衡相比,高脂肪饮食AL和高脂肪饮食对食小鼠。在 ob/ob 小鼠中,与具有未受影响的胰岛素敏感性的对照组相比,IF 组表现出显著改善的葡萄糖处理与较小的葡萄糖偏移。IF在野生型小鼠中注意到的另一个代谢作用是高氧消耗,表明能量消耗,特别是在喂养期间。

小鼠的喂养行为可能受到环境因素的影响,包括房屋密度。因此,在研究过程中,保持每个笼子的相同数量的小鼠数量是重要的。使用新的鼠标模型时,建议在执行间歇性禁食实验之前检查进给行为。

异体二对一间歇性禁食可轻松应用于其他疾病模型,包括糖尿病、心脏病、动脉硬化和神经系统疾病。

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