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Biochemistry
评估农药对孤独蜜蜂幼虫的影响
评估农药对孤独蜜蜂幼虫的影响
JoVE Journal
Biochemistry
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JoVE Journal Biochemistry
Evaluating the Effect of Pesticides on the Larvae of the Solitary Bees

评估农药对孤独蜜蜂幼虫的影响

Full Text
2,372 Views
05:13 min
October 15, 2021

DOI: 10.3791/62946-v

Yingying Song1, Ruiping Li1,2, Lili Li1, Fang Ouyang3, Xingyuan Men1

1Institute of Plant Protection,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 2College of Plant Protection,Shandong Agricultural University, 3State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences

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Please note that some of the translations on this page are AI generated. Click here for the English version.

Summary

本议定书解释了一种将受农药污染的食品喂给孤独蜜蜂 Osmia excavata的方法。该程序检查杀虫剂对孤独蜜蜂幼虫的生态毒性。

Transcript

该协议可用于预测和减轻农药对孤独蜜蜂的不利影响。该技术的主要优点是模拟幼虫以残留农药为食。这种方法的视觉演示至关重要,因为与群居蜜蜂相比,Osmia excavata的生物学特征是独特的,并且对O.excavata,特别是幼虫的研究很少。

为了准备进料管,使用电动绕组铁将一个直径为0.3毫米的孔打入两毫升离心管的盖子中。为了制备农药,将工业级农药溶解在丙酮中以获得每毫升10毫克的储备溶液,然后将溶液进行梯度稀释至五个浓度以上。接下来,从大规模饲养计划中获取含有供应品和新孵化的Osmia excavata幼虫的塑料蜂管。

使用软刷,轻轻地将幼虫与幼虫分开,根据幼虫的大小和巢内的细胞位置选择雌性幼虫,然后将与所选雌性幼虫一起均匀大小的幼虫放置在直径为60毫米的培养皿中,并将它们放在一边使用。在进行农药处理之前,请权衡规定。要用农药处理规定,首先要测量农药溶液的体积。

然后将所选均匀大小的铼剂浸泡在稀释的农药溶液中10秒钟。用农药处理规定后,再次测量农药溶液的体积。在无菌工作台上对规定进行空气干燥后,将它们添加到准备好的带孔的离心管中。

接下来,称量60只雌性幼虫并使用软刷,将幼虫转移到自然干燥的准备物的表面,每管添加一个幼虫。将幼虫在25升或负2摄氏度,相对湿度为65%至75%的黑暗中将幼虫饲养在生长室中。对于急性致死毒性试验,测量幼虫在放置到治疗和对照规定48小时后的死亡率。

接下来,称取昆虫饲养48小时后剩余的配料量,确定每只幼虫消耗的配料量,然后利用该公式,根据供给量的百分比和每只讧中农药含量,计算出每只幼虫在每种浓度下消耗的农药剂量。对于亚致死毒性试验,在黑光灯下茧化期间,每天观察O.excavata,以测量幼虫发育的持续时间。然后在治疗14天后称量幼虫,以确定幼虫体重增加。

接下来,称量喂食14天后剩余的食物,以计算摄入食物的消耗量和转化效率。当对照蜜蜂长成成虫时,用小剪刀狙击茧,检查茧的次数。急性致死毒性试验表明,挖掘蜱幼虫毒死蜱的LD50值为每只蜜蜂0.001 μg。

在亚致死毒性试验中,随着剂量的增加,幼虫体重增加、消耗量和摄入食物转化效率的指标值在治疗中降低,相对于对照值的最低值在每只蜜蜂0.013微克毒死蜱中观察到。相反,与对照处理相比,每只蜜蜂0.016微克毒死蜱观察到最延长的幼虫发育持续时间。对毒死蜱对eclosion速率的影响的评价表明,摄入剂量的毒死蜱与O.excavata的eclosion速率之间存在显着的负线性关系。

当摄入的剂量超过每只蜜蜂0.02微克时,eclosion率比对照治疗中的剂量低得多。在该协议中,筛选出具有统一尺寸的规定对于最大限度地减少测试误差至关重要。该技术有助于探索农药对独居蜜蜂成虫飞行和繁殖力的影响,从而解决回收率低和种群数量下降的问题。

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