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Neuroscience
一种微创、快速脊髓侧向半切技术,用于模拟大鼠开放性脊髓损伤
一种微创、快速脊髓侧向半切技术,用于模拟大鼠开放性脊髓损伤
JoVE Journal
Neuroscience
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JoVE Journal Neuroscience
A Minimally Invasive, Fast Spinal Cord Lateral Hemisection Technique for Modeling Open Spinal Cord Injuries in Rats

一种微创、快速脊髓侧向半切技术,用于模拟大鼠开放性脊髓损伤

Full Text
2,543 Views
04:50 min
March 23, 2022

DOI: 10.3791/63534-v

Krisztián B. Csomó1, Gábor Varga2,3, Andrea A. Belik4, László Hricisák5, Zoltán Borbély2, Gábor Gerber6

1Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry,Semmelweis University, 2Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry,Semmelweis University, 3Centre for Translational Medicine,Semmelweis University, 4Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine,Semmelweis University, 5Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine,Semmelweis University, 6Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine,Semmelweis University

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Summary

在这里,我们描述了一种新的、快速的技术,模拟大鼠的开放性脊髓损伤,消除了椎板切除术。侧向半切片是在通过显微镜观察时进行的。该技术用途广泛,也可用于其他动物脊髓的颈椎、胸椎和腰椎区域。

Transcript

该协议具有重要意义,因为脊髓损伤今天仍然普遍存在,需要研究以进一步了解这些损伤并开发可能的治疗方法。该技术比压迫和挫伤更准确和可重复,并且比完全椎板切除术的损伤侵入性更小。因此,与前面描述的程序相比,它可能是模拟脊髓损伤的更好选择。

首先,使用手术刀刀片 20 通过沿脊柱的所有皮肤层放置一个 2 至 2.5 厘米长的切口来打开手术区域。使用 L1 椎骨作为中点,将该切口平行于脊柱放置,沿脊柱在颅骨和脊柱方向上延伸约 1 厘米。通过切开肌肉周围的结缔组织来活动伤口的两侧。

然后沿着脊柱放置两个平行的切口,穿透骨膜。将切口放在两侧脊柱突的旁边,跨越胸椎 13 椎骨和 L1 椎骨之间的距离。用呼吸器的八块解剖附着在椎骨上的肌肉,直到所有脊髓韧带都可见。

放置一个牵开器。然后切除第13胸椎和第1腰椎的脊柱突,使用牙科骨钳可视化整个手术区域。必要时,在整个手术过程中使用无菌纱布控制出血。

小心地抬起其余的 L1 脊柱突,抬高 L1 椎弓。切除黄韧带以进入脊髓。进一步抬高脊髓突,允许进入切断的脊髓硬脑膜。

向颅骨方向倾斜脊柱突,以可视化软脑膜。透过软脑膜寻找后正中静脉,显示脊柱的中线。使用静脉作为定向平分线,使用显微外科手术刀放置一个切口,同时保留静脉。

将切口置于静脉下方,穿过脊髓的前后径。通过将刀片横向移离中心线来执行半分。放置切口以避免切割脊髓前动脉。

切割脊髓时,确保不要对椎体施加过大的压力,以保留脊髓腹侧的脊髓前动脉。在伤口闭合期间不要直接闭合硬脑膜。紧紧缝合肌肉和脊柱突,间接闭合硬脑膜上的小伤口。

用缝合线缝合背侧结缔组织层。这种新的微创脊髓损伤方法比使用椎板切除术的传统手术方法快得多,并且不需要额外的专用器械。苏木精和伊红染色用于可视化损伤部位。

其他部分可以沿着脊髓进行,模仿特定的神经损伤。也可以研究再生,因为可以使用这种方法放置电极或干细胞。使用这种技术可以简化和加快大多数利用脊髓损伤开放性伤口模型的技术,包括半切除术或交易术。

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微创 快速脊髓侧向半切片技术 模拟大鼠开放性脊髓损伤 椎板切除术 棘突 尾椎弓 手术区域开口 可见控制 显微镜 创伤最小化 小骨伤口 优点 更快的手术 减轻动物负担 更小的骨伤口 消除椎板切除风险 完整的椎管 椎间空间的限制 更短的手术入路时间(11 分钟与 35 分钟) 对使用开放性脊髓损伤动物模型的研究人员的有用性

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