Name: 基于CRITIC结合Box-Behnken响应面法的铁邦岀与赞坝加工工艺优化 (视频) | JoVE Journal
Uploaded: 2023-05-12T13:20:00.000+00:00
Duration: 9 min 16 s
Description: 了解CRITIC结合Box-Behnken响应面法优化铁棒锤与糌粑炒制工艺的标准化流程。该方法确定最佳切片厚度2厘米、温度125摄氏度、炒制60分钟，为藏药规模化生产和质量控制提供稳定可行的技术基础。

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本工作受到国家自然科学基金（No. 82130113）、中国博士后科学基金（No. 2021MD703800）和青年科学基金 &amp;中国四川省科学技术厅（编号：2022NSFSC1449）以及 &#34;邢林学者&#34; 成都中医药大学科研提升计划（编号：BSH2021009）

A Method for Zanba-Stir-Fried Tiebangchui Process Optimization

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<li>Wang, H. P., Zhang, Y. B., Yang, X. W., Zhao, D. Q., Wang, Y. P. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Rapid+characterization+of+ginsenosides+in+the+roots+and+rhizomes+of+Panax+ginseng+by+UPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS%2FMS+and+simultaneous+determination+of+19+ginsenosides+by+HPLC-ESI-MS%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Journal+of+Ginseng+Research%22%5BJournal%5D)">Rapid characterization of ginsenosides in the roots and rhizomes of Panax ginseng by UPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS/MS and simultaneous determination of 19 ginsenosides by HPLC-ESI-MS.</a> Journal of Ginseng Research. 40 (4), 382-394 (2016).</li>
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<li>Lao, D., Liu, R., Liang, J. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Study+on+plasma+metabolomics+for+HIV%2FAIDS+patients+treated+by+HAART+based+on+LC%2FMS-MS%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Frontiers+in+Pharmacology%22%5BJournal%5D)">Study on plasma metabolomics for HIV/AIDS patients treated by HAART based on LC/MS-MS.</a> Frontiers in Pharmacology. 13, 885386(2022).</li>
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<li>Zhong, S., Chen, Y., Miao, Y. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Using+improved+CRITIC+method+to+evaluate+thermal+coal+suppliers%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Scientific+Reports%22%5BJournal%5D)">Using improved CRITIC method to evaluate thermal coal suppliers.</a> Scientific Reports. 13 (1), 195(2023).</li>
<li>Lewis, N. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Magnetically+levitated+mesenchymal+stem+cell+spheroids+cultured+with+a+collagen+gel+maintain+phenotype+and+quiescence%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Journal+of+Tissue+Engineering%22%5BJournal%5D)">Magnetically levitated mesenchymal stem cell spheroids cultured with a collagen gel maintain phenotype and quiescence.</a> Journal of Tissue Engineering. 8, (2017).</li>
<li>Chinese Pharmacopoeia Committee. <a target="_blank" href="http://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&safe=off&q=%22Pharmacopoeia+of+the+People%27s+Republic+of+China%22">Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China</a>. 4, Chinese Medical Science and Technology Press. (2020).</li>
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<li>Liu, X. F., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Hezi+inhibits+Tiebangchui-induced+cardiotoxicity+and+preserves+its+anti-rheumatoid+arthritis+effects+by+regulating+the+pharmacokinetics+of+aconitine+and+deoxyaconitine%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Journal+of+Ethnopharmacology%22%5BJournal%5D)">Hezi inhibits Tiebangchui-induced cardiotoxicity and preserves its anti-rheumatoid arthritis effects by regulating the pharmacokinetics of aconitine and deoxyaconitine.</a> Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 302, 115915(2023).</li>
<li>Smolen, J. S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Rheumatoid+arthritis%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Nature+Reviews.Disease+Primers%22%5BJournal%5D)">Rheumatoid arthritis.</a> Nature Reviews.Disease Primers. 4, 18001(2018).</li>
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<li>Liu, S., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((A+review+of+traditional+and+current+methods+used+to+potentially+reduce+toxicity+of+Aconitum+roots+in+Traditional+Chinese+Medicine%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Journal+of+Ethnopharmacology%22%5BJournal%5D)">A review of traditional and current methods used to potentially reduce toxicity of Aconitum roots in Traditional Chinese Medicine.</a> Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 207, 237-250 (2017).</li>
<li>Qiu, Z. D., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Online+discovery+of+the+molecular+mechanism+for+directionally+detoxification+of+Fuzi+using+real-time+extractive+electrospray+ionization+mass+spectrometry%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Journal+of+Ethnopharmacology%22%5BJournal%5D)">Online discovery of the molecular mechanism for directionally detoxification of Fuzi using real-time extractive electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.</a> Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 277, 114216(2021).</li>
<li>El-Shazly, M., et al. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Use%2C+history%2C+and+liquid+chromatography%2Fmass+spectrometry+chemical+analysis+of+Aconitum%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Journal+of+Food+and+Drug+Analysis%22%5BJournal%5D)">Use, history, and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry chemical analysis of Aconitum.</a> Journal of Food and Drug Analysis. 24 (1), 29-45 (2016).</li>
<li>Chan, T. Y. K. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Aconitum+alkaloid+poisoning+because+of+contamination+of+herbs+by+aconite+roots%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Phytotherapy+Research%22%5BJournal%5D)">Aconitum alkaloid poisoning because of contamination of herbs by aconite roots.</a> Phytotherapy Research. 30 (1), 3-8 (2016).</li>
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<li>Yang, X. Q., Xu, W., Xiao, C. P., Sun, J., Feng, Y. Z. <a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?term=((Study+on+processing+technology+of+Atractylodes+chinensis+with+rice+water+and+its+pharmacodynamics+of+anti-diarrhea%5BTitle%5D)+AND+%22Chinese+Herbal+Medicines%22%5BJournal%5D)">Study on processing technology of Atractylodes chinensis with rice water and its pharmacodynamics of anti-diarrhea.</a> Chinese Herbal Medicines. 53 (1), 78-86 (2022).</li>
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TBC 是一种重要的藏药，具有祛寒止痛的功效。数千年来，它在中国主要用于治疗外伤和风湿性关节痛24,25,26。二萜类生物碱是 TBC 中既具活性又具毒性的成分27,28,29。TBC 中乌头碱类生物碱的主要毒性作用包括神经毒性、心脏毒性和胃肠道毒性30,31。TBC 通常在口服前需经过炮制，以降低其毒性风险。多种炮制方法，如蒸制、煎煮、砂炒，以及用诃子汤、青稞酒和糌粑炮制，均已被证实可在保留药效的同时有效降低 TBC 的毒性1。其中，糌粑炒制是一种重要的炮制方法。糌粑由青稞（Hordeum vu...

Aconitum pendulum Busch 和 A. flavum Hand.-Mazz. 的干燥根是中国著名的藏药之一，中文名为铁棒锤（TBC）1,2。铁棒锤的干燥根具有祛风散寒、止痛、镇惊的功效。该药材被收录于《中华人民共和国卫生部药品标准（藏药）第一册》，其中指出铁棒锤干燥根常用于治疗类风湿性关节炎、跌打损伤及其他寒性疾病3。然而，铁棒锤的临床治疗剂量接近其毒性剂量，因使用不当导致中毒甚至死亡的事件时有报道4。因此，如何降低毒性并保留其药效，多年来一直是研究热点。
在藏医药中，炮制是降低藏乌头（TBC）毒性的最有效方法之一。根据《青海省藏药炮制规范（2010年版）》的规定，应将原药材（TBC）放入铁锅中，与糌粑同炒至糌粑呈黄色，随后去除糌粑，并将药材取出晾干5,6。然而，目前尚未有具体的炮制工艺参数记载，导致糌粑炒制藏乌头的工艺控制及其质量评价较为困难。CRITIC法是一种客观赋权方法，可避免模糊化和主观性，提高赋权的客观性7。Box-Behnken响应面法可通过多项式拟合直接反映各因素之间的交互作用8。Box-Behnken响应面法与CRITIC法的结合常用于优化炮制工艺，以获得最佳炮制方案9,10。本文以单酯型二萜类生物碱（MDA）（苯甲酰乌头原碱）和两种双酯型二萜类生物碱（DDAs）（乌头碱、3-去氧乌头碱）作为评价指标，采用CRITIC法结合Box-Behnken响应面法优化糌粑炒制藏乌头的炮制工艺，建立标准化炮制方法，为临床安全用药提供依据。

<table><tbody><tr><td>3-脱氧乌头碱</td><td>成都德斯特生物科技有限公司</td><td>DST221109-033</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>乌头碱</td><td>成都德斯特生物科技有限公司</td><td>DSTDW000602</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>乙酸铵</td><td>天津科密欧化学试剂有限公司</td><td>色谱纯</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>苯甲酰乌头碱</td><td>成都德斯特生物科技有限公司</td><td>DSTDB005502</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Design-Expert 软件</td><td>Stat-Ease, Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA</td><td>版本 13.0</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>电子分析天平</td><td>上海良平仪器仪表有限公司</td><td>FA1004</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>高效液相色谱仪</td><td>岛津公司</td><td>LC-20A</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>高速粉碎机</td><td>北京中兴伟业仪器有限公司</td><td>FW-100</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Millipore 滤膜</td><td>天津津腾实验设备有限公司</td><td>&amp;phi;13 0.22 尼龙66</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>炒药机</td><td>常州迈斯机械有限公司</td><td>5型</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>铁棒锤</td><td>赣南百草生物科技发展有限公司</td><td>20211012</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>超纯水系统</td><td>瑞斐利生物科技有限公司</td><td>Genie G</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>超声波清洗机</td><td>宁波新艺超声设备有限公司</td><td>SB2200</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>糌粑</td><td>甘孜县穿藏路27号</td><td>-</td><td></td></tr></tbody></table>

基于critic与box-behnken响应面法的糌粑铁棒锤加工工艺优化

Optimization of Processing Technology for Tiebangchui with Zanba Based on CRITIC Combined with Box-Behnken Response Surface Method

Aconitum pendulum Busch. 的干燥根在中国被称为铁棒锤（TBC），是著名的藏药之一，在中国西北地区被广泛使用。然而，由于铁棒锤毒性极强，且其治疗剂量与中毒剂量相近，已发生多起中毒事件。因此，寻找一种安全有效的方法以降低其毒性成为一项紧迫的任务。查阅藏药典籍发现，《青海省藏药炮制规范（2010）》中记载了铁棒锤用糌粑炒制的炮制方法，但具体的炮制参数尚不明确。因此，本研究旨在优化并规范糌粑炒制铁棒锤的炮制工艺。
首先，对厚朴饮片切片厚度、糌粑用量、加工温度和时间四个因素进行单因素实验。以糌粑炒厚朴中单酯型和双酯型生物碱含量为指标，采用CRITIC法结合Box-Behnken响应面法优化糌粑炒厚朴的加工工艺。优化后的糌粑炒厚朴最佳工艺条件为：厚朴饮片切片厚度2 cm，糌粑用量为厚朴的3倍，加工温度125 °C，炒制时间60 min。本研究确定了糌粑炒厚朴的优化及标准化加工条件，为其临床安全应用和工业化生产提供了实验依据。

本研究中所采用的洗脱梯度经多次调试后确定，对糌粑炒制藏药巴楂（Zanba-stir-fried TBC）中的三种指标成分具有良好的分离效果（图1）。这三种指标成分在特定浓度范围内均呈现良好的线性关系（表2）。糌粑炒制巴楂的精密度（表5）、稳定性（表6）、重复性（表7）及加样回收率（表8）均符合《中华人民共和国药典》（2020年版，第四部）22规定的分析方法学要求，表明该方法可行。因此，该高效液相色谱法（HPLC）可用于糌粑炒制巴楂的分析，结果可靠。
采用单因素试验阐明各因素对加工工艺的影响，结果如图2所示。绘制了不同条件下糌粑炒制三杯茶（TBC）的综合评分趋势图。通过单因素试验确定了切片厚度（A，1–3 cm）、糌粑用量（B，2–4倍）、加工温度（C...

本实验方案描述了一种利用CRITIC法结合Box-Behnken响应面法对糌粑炒铁棒锤进行高效、标准化解毒处理的方法。

基于CRITIC与Box-Behnken响应面法的糌粑铁棒锤加工工艺优化

Aconitum pendulum Busch. 的干燥根在中国被称为铁棒锤（TBC），是著名的藏药之一。该药材是一种广泛使用的草药，用于……

本方案的关键在于藏药的炮制过程。本研究旨在优化并标准化糌粑炒制铁棒锤的加工工艺。Box-Behnken 响应面法与综合评分法相结合，常用于优化加工工艺，以获得最佳且精确的制备方案。优化后的加工条件为：二厘米切片厚度的铁棒锤，其加工温度为125摄氏度，炒制时间为60分钟，该条件下的加工量可达现代铁棒锤的三倍以上。通过明确具体的加工参数，该方法将有利于糌粑炒制铁棒 锤的大规模生产和质量控制。铁棒锤的标准化糌粑炒制加工技术可为其他有毒民族药材的加工提供有益的信息和指导。该优化工艺稳定可行，为进一步研究铁棒锤产品及相关中药制剂奠定了基础。本实验室将更加关注细胞化学研究，以达到目标质量控制要求。此外，针对糌粑炒铁棒锤的药理学整体比较尚不明确，下一步目标将是明确其在动物模型中的解毒作用及药效保留效果的评价。首先将开展单因素实验，比较铁棒锤（TBC）切片厚度，以优化加工工艺。准备五组测试样品，每组含有30克TBC，但切片厚度不同。然后称取糌粑90克，其质量为每组TBC质量的三倍。将自动炒制机的温度和时间分别设定为140摄氏度和40分钟。待机器加热至设定温度后，将定量的TBC和糌粑加入机器中。然后使用高速粉碎机，将经TBC翻炒过的糌粑研磨成粉末。接着，称取两克经TBC翻炒并粉碎的糌粑粉末放入锥形瓶中，向瓶内样品加入三毫升氨溶液，随后加入50毫升异丙醇与乙酸乙酯的混合液。体积比为1:1。将锥形瓶及其内容物在220伏、40千赫条件下超声处理30分钟，期间保持温度低于25摄氏度，记录超声前锥形瓶加样品的重量。超声提取结束后，再次称量锥形瓶及其样品的总重量。通过加入前述的异丙醇和乙酸乙酯混合液补足损失的重量，过滤样品溶液。将25毫升滤液在40摄氏度下用旋转蒸发仪蒸干，然后将残余物溶解于5毫升含0.05%盐酸的甲醇溶液中。将溶液通过0.2微米的注射器滤膜过滤，然后采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）进行分析。根据标准曲线计算不同加工产品中MDA和DDAs的含量。通过CRITIC法，依据结果计算综合评分。按照上述方法进行操作，比较糌粑加工过程中的温度和时间，以优化加工工艺。单因素试验结果表明，当切片厚度为2厘米、糌粑用量为3倍、加工温度为120°C、加工时间为60分钟时，炒制糌粑的综合评分最高。实验结果确定了后续实验所采用的切片厚度范围、糌粑用量、加工温度和加工时间。为优化糌粑炒制铁棒锤（TBC）加工工艺，采用响应面设计中的 Box-Behnken 试验方案。试验中所用的厚度范围、糌粑用量、加工温度和加工时间，均由前期单因素实验确定。在首页上点击“新建设计”，然后在设计页面的左侧面板中点击“响应面设计”。接着选择Box-Behnken设计方法，并在表格中设置四个因素的参数。点击“下一步”，设置响应值名称，然后点击“完成”。为了生成响应面设计，根据为响应面设计的29种情景完成实验。使用高效液相色谱（HPLC）进行分析。记录峰面积，并确定糌粑炒制TBC测试样品中MDA和DDAs的质量。然后将通过CRITIC法获得的29次试验的综合评分输入计算机，并使用参考软件进行分析。为在分析模块左侧导航窗格中对多项式方程进行统计验证，请单击R1，然后单击开始分析。在配置窗口中，单击顶部菜单中的 ANOVA，查看显示方差分析的结果表格。接着在顶部菜单中，依次单击 Model Graphs 和 3D Surface，以获得反映加工参数对综合评分影响的响应面图。转到左侧导航面板，在 Optimization 下单击 Numerical，以在预测的最佳条件下进行三次重复实验，验证响应面模型。然后在顶部菜单中，点击“Solutions”。观察预测的最佳条件，以验证加工技术的稳定性。根据实验结果，响应面和等高线图展示了综合评分随四个变量变化的趋势。调整后的最佳加工条件为：切片厚度两厘米，ZBA用量为TBC的三倍，加工温度125摄氏度，加工时间60分钟。通过按照所获得的加工参数进行的三次测试，验证了该模型的可靠性。

optimization-processing-technology-for-tiebangchui-with-zanba-based

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了解CRITIC结合Box-Behnken响应面法优化铁棒锤与糌粑炒制工艺的标准化流程。该方法确定最佳切片厚度2厘米、温度125摄氏度、炒制60分钟，为藏药规模化生产和质量控制提供稳定可行的技术基础。

基于CRITIC与Box-Behnken响应面法的糌粑铁棒锤加工工艺优化

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