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Neuroscience
半自动 8 臂径向迷宫中小鼠的食欲空间工作记忆任务,减少迷宫中的恐惧记忆联想
半自动 8 臂径向迷宫中小鼠的食欲空间工作记忆任务,减少迷宫中的恐惧记忆联想
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JoVE Journal Neuroscience
An Appetitive Spatial Working Memory Task for Mice in a Semi-Automated 8-Arm Radial Maze, Reducing Fearful Memory Association in the Maze

半自动 8 臂径向迷宫中小鼠的食欲空间工作记忆任务,减少迷宫中的恐惧记忆联想

Full Text
1,303 Views
14:24 min
July 29, 2025

DOI: 10.3791/66456-v

Takahiro Shimizu1,2, Stuart G. Nayar1, Bruce R. Ransom2, William D. Richardson1

1The Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research,University College London, 2Gerald Choa Neuroscience Institute,The Chinese University of Hong Kong

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Please note that some of the translations on this page are AI generated. Click here for the English version.

Overview

This study presents a method for assessing spatial working memory in mice, addressing the need for modifications of rat-based behavioral protocols. Working memory is crucial for cognitive tasks and learning, and the method emphasizes minimizing stress during experimental procedures.

Key Study Components

Area of Science

  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Research
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background

  • Behavior experiments for rodents are often designed for rats.
  • Genetic engineering advancements have increased the use of mice in such studies.
  • Mice and rats exhibit significant behavioral differences.
  • Working memory is linked to fluid intelligence and learning.

Purpose of Study

  • To modify rat-based behavioral protocols for use with mice.
  • To effectively study spatial working memory in an efficient and low-stress manner.
  • To provide a structured approach to behavior experiments in neuroscience.

Methods Used

  • The study involves behavioral tests to assess spatial working memory in mice.
  • Key components include a maze setup and stress-minimizing handling techniques.
  • Experimental procedures are designed to be gradual and habituating, ensuring mice can adapt to the environment.
  • Trials are conducted over several phases to optimize memory assessments.

Main Results

  • Mice showed increased exploration of the maze and improved task performance over repeated trials.
  • The gradual habituation process led to reduced stress and enhanced behavioral responses.
  • Findings indicate successful adaptation of the protocol for spatial working memory assessment in mice.

Conclusions

  • This study enables more effective behavioral assessments in mice, contributing to neuroscience research.
  • The modified protocols facilitate understanding of cognitive processes while minimizing stress on subjects.
  • Insights gained can enhance future behavioral studies and cognitive research methodologies.

Frequently Asked Questions

What advantages does this method offer over traditional protocols?
This method adapts rat-based protocols to better suit mice, allowing for more accurate assessments of cognitive behaviors while minimizing stress.
How is the habituation of mice implemented?
The habituation is implemented through gradual exposure to the maze environment and handling techniques aimed at reducing stress before testing begins.
What kind of data is collected during the spatial working memory task?
Data collected includes the number of arms visited and the time spent in each arm, allowing researchers to assess the memory performance of the mice.
Can this method be adapted for other rodent species?
While primarily designed for mice, the principles of stress reduction and gradual exposure could be adapted for other rodent species with appropriate modifications.
What are key considerations in handling the mice for experiments?
Key considerations include avoiding fast movements and loud noises to prevent startling the mice, which can negatively affect behavior results.

大多数啮齿动物行为实验最初都是为大鼠设计的。由于大鼠和小鼠之间的行为差异,有时需要对小鼠进行改造。我们提出了一种测试小鼠空间工作记忆的方法,最大限度地减少工作记忆任务期间的压力。

大多数啮齿动物行为实验最初都是为大鼠设计的。凭借基因工程的最新优势,研究人员经常使用为大鼠建立的方案对小鼠进行行为实验。由于大鼠和小鼠之间的行为差异,有时您需要修改小鼠的协议。在本视频中,我们描述了一种测试小鼠空间工作记忆的方案。工作记忆是一种认知过程,可以在短时间内保存有限数量的信息,同时将其纵和用于计划和执行心理任务。它与人类流体智力的测量相关,对学习很重要。因此,工作记忆本身就是一个重要的研究科目。

[导师]使用标准嵌套材料设置新笼子进行新实验。在新笼子里放上新的垫料锯末、纸纸隧道、纸筑巢条纹和木咬块。放置抽油烟机料斗并盖上盖子。将鼠标引导到纸质隧道,纸质隧道由手在家庭笼子中提供。使用纸质通道轻轻地将鼠标从分组笼中提起。将鼠标放在手上,保持在胸部高度几秒钟。或者,让鼠标爬到你的手上。永远不要抓住老鼠的尾巴。以最小的压力处理动物对于行为实验至关重要。让小鼠习惯于实验者也很重要。使用相同的处理方法捕捉鼠标。将鼠标放在体重秤上进行体重监测并记录其体重。称重后,将鼠标放入之前准备好的新笼子中。确保在处理老鼠时不会因快速移动或发出大声而让老鼠感到害怕。否则,老鼠可能会从秤或手上跳下来。在接触该设备之前,让小鼠在该量限制下一周。在实验期间,控制标准食物的量,使它们有动力在迷宫中觅食以获得食物奖励,即稀释的甜炼乳。在笼子里放两到三克标准食物,并在整个实验过程中将它们的体重保持在起始体重的 85% 到 90% 之间。同样在这个阶段,在家庭笼子的小塑料杯中提供一毫升稀释的炼乳,让小鼠习惯它。观察它们是否吃了一段时间,确保老鼠没有表现出食物恐惧症。将小鼠慢慢带到手推车上的行为测试室。然后设置房间的照明,用暖白光灯泡以 80 勒克斯的亮度照亮目录中的中央集线器,并播放 70 分贝的白噪声,在中央集线器测量。在开始实验之前,让小鼠不受干扰五分钟。习惯,第一阶段。迷宫控制设置为让鼠标探索迷宫,门由鼠标跟踪软件作。这个阶段是让老鼠对门的动作和它们的声音进行栖息。通过单击软件上的开始按钮开始试用和视频录制,然后将鼠标带到迷宫并将鼠标放在中央集线器中。继续观察鼠标行为。迷宫里没有食物奖励。老鼠可以随意访问任何手臂,无论多次。在 30 分钟内,在不干扰鼠标移动的情况下控制门。继续直到 30 分钟过去。试验结束后,将鼠标收集在手臂上并将其放回家庭笼子中。为下一只鼠标清理迷宫。对每只鼠标依次执行此作,持续两天。仲裁第二阶段。迷宫控制设置为让鼠标在不作门的情况下自由探索迷宫,并在手臂末端的食物井中找到食物奖励。这个阶段鼓励老鼠自由探索迷宫以获得食物奖励。将 70 微升奖励放入每个抽油烟机孔中。不要再把它放在家庭笼子里,从居住开始,第二阶段。通过单击软件上的开始按钮开始试用和视频录制,然后将鼠标带到迷宫中。观察鼠标的行为。在这个阶段,老鼠行动缓慢,似乎很谨慎,可以多次回到食物井中。继续直到小鼠至少两次或30分钟进入每只手臂。试验结束后,将鼠标收集在手臂上并将其放回家庭笼子中。为下一只鼠标清理迷宫。每天对每只小鼠轮流执行此作两次,持续两天。居住阶段三。迷宫控制的设置是为了让鼠标习惯于第一阶段和第二阶段的组合。小鼠至少可以进入每只手臂一次。用 70 微升奖励诱饵所有食物井。通过单击软件上的开始按钮开始试用和视频录制,然后将鼠标带到迷宫中。 观察鼠标的行为。继续直到鼠标至少一次或30分钟进入每只手臂。试验结束后,将鼠标收集在手臂上并将其放回家庭笼子中。为下一只鼠标清理迷宫。依次对每只小鼠执行此作,每天两次,持续两天。正如您在此面板中看到的,随着时间的推移,小鼠会访问更多的手臂。在居住的第六天,小鼠在 7 到 15 分钟内至少进入每只手臂一次,并在每只手臂中花费相似的时间,这表明动物已经习惯了迷宫并准备好完成任务。这种空间工作记忆任务在一次试验中由三个部分组成。老鼠经历强制奔跑,在中央枢纽中限制五秒钟,然后自由奔跑。在强制运行中,伪随机选择四个手臂并一一呈现给小鼠。在自由奔跑期间,老鼠需要记住它们在试炼的强制奔跑中访问过哪些手臂,以最有效地收集剩余四个奖励。迷宫设置为遵循上一个屏幕中显示的模式,每个迷宫都必须在回合试验中穿过同一组强制武器。小鼠每天进行六次试验,持续九天 在开始试验之前,用 40 微升奖励诱饵所有手臂。将奖励放在靠近中央枢纽的每种食物中,使老鼠难以从中央枢纽看到。通过单击软件上的开始按钮开始试用和视频录制。将鼠标带到迷宫中心集线器,而不会对鼠标造成压力。在中央集线器中限制五秒后,试验将自动开始。在五秒的禁闭期间,离开迷宫,坐在离迷宫不太近的地方。监控行为并记下手臂访问顺序以进行评分,直到鼠标收集所有奖励。一旦老鼠收集了迷宫中的所有奖励,让它访问四个额外的手臂。通过这样做,老鼠不会联想到被困在中央枢纽,老鼠决定下一步去哪里很重要。此外,工作记忆任务完成和被捕获不会直接关联。此外,它将强化这样一个事实,即奖励不会在以前访问过的武器中得到补充。在第四只手臂的后部,让鼠标放在你的手上,同时用另一只手盖住手臂,然后将鼠标放回家庭笼子中。在清理迷宫之前,在下一次试验之前轻敲下一只老鼠的主笼,以平衡它们的唤醒状态。要清洁迷宫,请使用油漆刷、一张湿纸巾和两张干纸巾。使用油漆刷清除老鼠粪便。先用干纸巾擦拭迷宫,去除炼乳的痕迹。用湿纸巾擦拭迷宫地板。用干纸巾擦干迷宫,然后继续下一个试验。每日成功率得分计算为四除以手臂总条目数,实验最后一天平均成功率达到80%左右。完美试验率分数的计算方法是完美试验次数除以六,并在实验的最后一天达到 60% 以上。在软件上选择鼠标的速度、距离和加速度分析,并对其进行分析。确保从这些分析中排除四次额外的手臂访问。还要测量四次额外手臂访问的持续时间。随着时间的推移,距离应该会变短。速度和加速度应该是平坦的,如果他们很好地学习了他们的任务,额外的四次手臂访问的持续时间应该随着时间的推移而变得更长。

在进行该实验时,让小鼠熟悉实验者并使小鼠习惯于实验室环境至关重要,这应该可以最大限度地减少小鼠的压力。

该协议易于使用且可靠,可用于复制数据。由于迷宫是半自动化的,因此该协议不是劳动密集型的,适用于实验室成像和电生理学。该协议是研究空间工作记忆的强大工具。

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