Name: norton equivalent circuit in dc analysis
Uploaded: 2024-04-11T12:48:31.000Z
Duration: 1 min 14 s
Channel: JoVE

Der Satz von Norton besagt, dass jede lineare Schaltung mit zwei Anschlüssen durch eine Ersatzschaltung ersetzt werden kann, die aus einer einzigen Stromquelle besteht, die parallel zu einem Widerstand ist.
Um das Norton-Theorem zu implementieren, entfernen Sie den Lastwiderstand von den beiden Lastklemmen: Das verbleibende Netzwerk wird durch die Norton-Ersatzschaltung ersetzt, wie sie von diesen Klemmen aus gesehen wird.
Der Norton-Widerstand kann bestimmt werden, indem alle unabhängigen Quellen auf Null gesetzt werden. Der äquivalente oder Eingangswiderstand zwischen den Anschlüssen ist der Norton-Widerstand.
Um den aktuellen Wert von Norton zu ermitteln, setzen Sie alle Quellen auf ihre ursprüngliche Position zurück. Berechnen Sie dann den Norton-Strom, indem Sie den Kurzschlussstrom zwischen den markierten Klemmen ermitteln.
Ersetzen Sie abschließend das Netzwerk durch die Norton-Ersatzschaltung und schließen Sie den Lastwiderstand wieder an.
Die Quellentransformationstechnik kann verwendet werden, um zwischen Norton- und Thévenin-Ersatzschaltungen zu konvertieren.
Die Leerlaufspannung, der Kurzschlussstrom und der Eingangs- oder Ersatzwiderstand müssen bekannt sein, um den Thevenin- oder Norton-Ersatzstromkreis zu bestimmen.
Die enge Beziehung zwischen den Sätzen von Norton und Thévenin und dem Ohmschen Gesetz hilft bei der Lösung komplexer elektrischer Schaltkreise.

nortons theorem

Der Satz von Norton ist ein grundlegendes Prinzip, das besagt, dass eine lineare Schaltung mit zwei Anschlüssen durch eine Ersatzschaltung ersetzt werden kann, die eine Stromquelle (ⅠN) parallel zu einem Widerstand (RN) umfasst. Hier stellt ⅠN den durch die Anschlüsse fließenden Kurzschlussstrom dar und RN steht für den Eingangs- oder Ersatzwiderstand an den Anschlüssen, wenn alle unabhängigen Quellen deaktiviert sind. Dies impliziert, dass die in Abbildung (a) dargestellte Schaltung mit der in Abbildung (b) dargestellten ausgetauscht werden kann.
 <img alt="Figure1" src="/files/ftp_upload/15054/15054_PT_Figure_1.svg" style="text-align: center; height: 132px;">
 Abbildung (a)
 <img alt="Figure1" src="/files/ftp_upload/15054/15054_PT_Figure_2.svg" style="text-align: center; height: 132px;">
 Abbildung (b)
 Zur Bestimmung des Norton-Widerstands werden alle unabhängigen Quellen innerhalb des Stromkreises auf Null gesetzt. Der resultierende Wert stellt den Norton-Widerstand dar, der für die Anwendung des Theorems wesentlich ist. Um den Norton-Strom zu berechnen, muss man alle Quellen auf ihre ursprüngliche Konfiguration zurücksetzen und dann den Kurzschlussstrom zwischen den markierten Anschlüssen ermitteln. Um die Transformation abzuschließen, ist es notwendig, das Netzwerk durch die Norton-Ersatzschaltung zu ersetzen und den Lastwiderstand wieder anzuschließen. Um entweder die Thévenin- oder die Norton-Ersatzschaltung zu erstellen, muss man die Leerlaufspannung, den Kurzschlussstrom und den Eingangs- oder Ersatzwiderstand kennen. Diese Parameter dienen als entscheidende Eingaben für diese Schaltungstransformationen. Die enge Beziehung zwischen den Sätzen von Norton und Thévenin ergibt sich aus den folgenden Beziehungen: <img alt="Equation1" src="/files/ftp_upload/15054/15054_PT_Equation_1.svg" style="text-align: center; height: 14px;">
 <img alt="Equation1" src="/files/ftp_upload/15054/15054_PT_Equation_2.svg" style="text-align: center; height: 34px;">
 In Verbindung mit den Prinzipien des Ohmschen Gesetzes bietet es wertvolle Werkzeuge zur Lösung komplizierter elektrischer Schaltkreise.

Nortons Theorem

Der Satz von Norton besagt, dass jede lineare Schaltung mit zwei Anschlüssen durch eine Ersatzschaltung ersetzt werden kann, die aus einer einzigen Stromquelle in ...

Education

Lehre

JoVE Core

Electrical Engineering

Elektrotechnik

Unit 1

Einheit 1

DC Circuit Analysis

DC-Schaltungsanalyse

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

SCHLÜSSELBEGRIFFE UND KONZEPTE

Norton's Theorem

norton equivalent circuit in dc analysis

Norton equivalent circuit in DC analysis shows how a linear two-terminal circuit can be replaced by a simpler network. The replacement uses a current source, called I_N, in parallel with a resistor, called R_N. I_N is the short-circuit current through the terminals, and R_N is the input or equivalent resistance seen at the terminals when the independent sources are turned off.

To find Norton's resistance, all independent sources in the circuit are set to zero. The resistance measured at the marked terminals is then taken as R_N. To find Norton's current, the sources are restored to their original values and the short-circuit current between the terminals is found.

After the Norton equivalent is built, the load resistor is connected again to complete the transformation. This method gives a compact way to study how the circuit behaves at its terminals. It is closely linked to Thevenin's theorem, since both use the open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, and equivalent resistance.

These relationships, together with Ohm's law, help solve more complex electrical circuits. By converting a network into its Norton form, students can compare terminal behavior more easily. The theorem is a useful tool for circuit analysis when a two-terminal linear network must be simplified.

Norton Equivalent Circuit in DC Analysis

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norton's theorem

Norton equivalent circuit in DC analysis shows how a linear two-terminal circuit can be replaced by a simpler network. The replacement uses a current source, called I_N, in parallel with a resistor, called R_N. I_N is the short-circuit current through the terminals, and R_N is the input or equivalent resistance seen at the terminals when the independent sources are turned off. To find Norton's resistance, all independent sources in the circuit are set to zero. The resistance measured at the...

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Learn how Norton equivalent circuits simplify a linear two-terminal network using a current source, parallel resistance, and short-circuit current.

Norton Equivalent Circuit in DC Analysis | JoVE K12

JoVE Core Electrical Engineering offers easy-to-understand animated videos that cover fundamental concepts of electric circuits along with circuit analysis techniques. It incorporates first-order and second-order circuits using operational amplifiers and circuit transformation concepts. The inclusion of practical design examples and real-world applications through scientist-in-action videos adds significant educational value, making complex concepts accessible.

electrical engineering

Norton Equivalent Circuit in DC Analysis

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