Name: norton equivalent circuit in dc analysis
Uploaded: 2024-04-11T12:48:31.000Z
Duration: 1 min 14 s
Channel: JoVE

Norton&#39;s theorem states that any linear two-terminal circuit can be replaced by an equivalent circuit consisting of a single current source in parallel with a resistor.
To implement Norton&#39;s theorem, remove the load resistor from the two load terminals: the remaining network will be substituted by the Norton equivalent circuit as seen from these terminals.
Norton&#39;s resistance can be determined by setting all independent sources to zero. The equivalent or input resistance between the terminals is Norton&#39;s resistance.
To find Norton&#39;s current, return all sources to their original positions. Then, calculate Norton&#39;s current by finding the short-circuit current between the marked terminals.
Finally, replace the network with the Norton equivalent circuit and connect the load resistor again.
The source transformation technique can be used to convert between Norton and Th&#233;venin equivalent circuits.
Open circuit voltage, short circuit current, and input or equivalent resistance must be known to determine the Thevenin or Norton equivalent circuit.
The close relationship between Norton&#39;s and Th&#233;venin&#39;s theorems and Ohm&#39;s law helps solve complex electrical circuits.

norton's theorem

Norton's theorem is a fundamental principle stating that a linear two-terminal circuit can be substituted with an equivalent circuit, which comprises a current source (&#8544;N) in parallel with a resistor (RN). Here, &#8544;N represents the short-circuit current flowing through the terminals, and RN stands for the input or equivalent resistance at the terminals when all independent sources are deactivated. This implies that the circuit illustrated in Figure (a) can be exchanged with the one depicted in Figure (b).
<img alt="Linear two-terminal circuit diagram, showing points a and b for electrical analysis." src="/files/ftp_upload/15054/15054_PT_Figure_1.svg" style="text-align: center; height: 132px;" data-altupdatedat="1761830439000" data-alt="Figure1" />
Figure (a)
<img alt="Norton equivalent circuit diagram, depicting current source (I&#8345;) and parallel resistor (R&#8345;) between nodes a-b." src="/files/ftp_upload/15054/15054_PT_Figure_2.svg" style="text-align: center; height: 132px;" data-altupdatedat="1761830439000" data-alt="Figure1" />
Figure (b)
The determination of Norton's resistance involves the process of setting all independent sources within the circuit to zero. The resulting value represents Norton's resistance, which is essential for the theorem's application. To calculate Norton's current, one must restore all sources to their original configurations and then ascertain the short-circuit current between the marked terminals. Replacing the network with the Norton equivalent circuit and reconnecting the load resistor is necessary to complete the transformation. To establish either the Th&#233;venin or Norton equivalent circuit, one must have knowledge of the open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, and input or equivalent resistance. These parameters serve as crucial inputs for these circuit transformations. The close relationship between Norton's and Th&#233;venin's theorems given by the following relations,
<img alt="Static equilibrium vector diagram, &#931;Fx=0, showing force interaction and balance principles." src="/files/ftp_upload/15054/15054_PT_Equation_1.svg" style="text-align: center; height: 14px;" data-altupdatedat="1761830439000" data-alt="Equation1" />
<img alt="Static equilibrium vector diagram, &#931;Fx=0, showing force interaction and balance principles." src="/files/ftp_upload/15054/15054_PT_Equation_1.svg" style="text-align: center; height: 14px;" data-altupdatedat="1761830439000" data-alt="Equation1" />
coupled with the principles of Ohm's law, provides valuable tools for resolving intricate electrical circuits.

Norton's Theorem

Norton&#39;s theorem states that any linear two-terminal circuit can be replaced by an equivalent circuit consisting of a single current source in ...

Education

JoVE Core

Electrical Engineering

Unit 1

DC Circuit Analysis

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

norton equivalent circuit in dc analysis

Norton equivalent circuit in DC analysis shows how a linear two-terminal circuit can be replaced by a simpler network. The replacement uses a current source, called I_N, in parallel with a resistor, called R_N. I_N is the short-circuit current through the terminals, and R_N is the input or equivalent resistance seen at the terminals when the independent sources are turned off.

To find Norton's resistance, all independent sources in the circuit are set to zero. The resistance measured at the marked terminals is then taken as R_N. To find Norton's current, the sources are restored to their original values and the short-circuit current between the terminals is found.

After the Norton equivalent is built, the load resistor is connected again to complete the transformation. This method gives a compact way to study how the circuit behaves at its terminals. It is closely linked to Thevenin's theorem, since both use the open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, and equivalent resistance.

These relationships, together with Ohm's law, help solve more complex electrical circuits. By converting a network into its Norton form, students can compare terminal behavior more easily. The theorem is a useful tool for circuit analysis when a two-terminal linear network must be simplified.

Norton Equivalent Circuit in DC Analysis

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Norton equivalent circuit in DC analysis shows how a linear two-terminal circuit can be replaced by a simpler network. The replacement uses a current source, called I_N, in parallel with a resistor, called R_N. I_N is the short-circuit current through the terminals, and R_N is the input or equivalent resistance seen at the terminals when the independent sources are turned off. To find Norton's resistance, all independent sources in the circuit are set to zero. The resistance measured at the...

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Learn how Norton equivalent circuits simplify a linear two-terminal network using a current source, parallel resistance, and short-circuit current.

Norton Equivalent Circuit in DC Analysis | JoVE K12

JoVE Core Electrical Engineering offers easy-to-understand animated videos that cover fundamental concepts of electric circuits along with circuit analysis techniques. It incorporates first-order and second-order circuits using operational amplifiers and circuit transformation concepts. The inclusion of practical design examples and real-world applications through scientist-in-action videos adds significant educational value, making complex concepts accessible.

electrical engineering

Norton Equivalent Circuit in DC Analysis

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