Cancer Vaccines
Cancer Vaccines - Related Videos
07:16
Isolation of Cancer Stem Cells From Human Prostate Cancer Samples
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Cited by 6 •
2014
The isolation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) directly from human tissues is requisite for their biological characterization. This manuscript describes a methodology for the isolation of prostate CSCs from human tissues, while also providing tips on troubleshooting difficult steps.
07:48
Working with Human Tissues for Translational Cancer Research
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Cited by 4 •
2015
Translational cancer research is dependent on extraction of human tissues. Much work has gone into optimizing extraction methods for ex vivo analysis. Here, we describe tissue processing methods allowing for maximal data output from limited samples.
10:58
Quantitation of Intra-peritoneal Ovarian Cancer Metastasis
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Cited by 15 •
2016
Ovarian cancer metastasis is characterized by numerous diffuse intra-peritoneal lesions, such that accurate visual quantitation of tumor burden is challenging. Herein we describe a method for in situ and ex vivo quantitation of metastatic tumor burden using red fluorescent protein (RFP)-labeled tumor cells and optical imaging.
08:45
Cerenkov Luminescence Imaging (CLI) for Cancer Therapy Monitoring
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Cited by 8 •
2012
Use of Cerenkov Luminescence Imaging (CLI) for monitoring preclinical cancer treatment is described here. This method takes advantage of Cerenkov Radiation (CR) and optical imaging (OI) to visualize radiolabeled probes and thus provides an alternative to PET in preclinical therapeutic monitoring and drug screening.
05:17
Detection of Targetable Alterations in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer using Next-generation Sequencing
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2025
This protocol describes an automated, ISO15189-accredited next-generation sequencing workflow for detecting targetable genomic alterations in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues.
FAQs
Therapeutic formulations present tumor antigens to antigen-presenting cells, which then promote activation of antigen-specific T cells. This sequence links antigen recognition with a targeted cellular response against established tumors. The biological goal is selective immune activity directed toward cells displaying relevant tumor-associated or tumor-specific antigens rather than an undirected response.
Preventive vaccines reduce cancer risk indirectly by blocking infections that can cause malignancy. The overview identifies human papillomavirus and hepatitis B virus as examples of infectious targets connected with cancer development. Their role differs from therapeutic vaccination because prevention occurs before an established tumor, by reducing exposure to a cancer-associated infection.
Tumor-associated antigens and tumor-specific antigens provide distinct targeting options for cancer vaccines. Shared-antigen formulations can be designed around antigens found across patients, whereas tumor-specific targets may reflect features unique to an individual tumor. This distinction influences whether a formulation can be broadly applied or must be tailored to a particular cancer.
Personalized cancer vaccines are based on mutations identified in an individual’s tumor. These mutation-linked features can supply targets for presenting tumor-relevant antigens to the immune system, supporting antigen-specific T-cell activation. Because the targets arise from the patient’s own tumor, this strategy is studied as a way to improve immune targeting and treatment response.
The process begins with examining an individual tumor for mutations that may provide vaccine targets. Researchers then study how those tumor-derived features can be represented as antigens for presentation to antigen-presenting cells. The intended outcome is a formulation aligned with the patient’s tumor, followed by activation of T cells directed toward the selected targets.
Cancer vaccines are studied as complements to conventional cancer prevention and treatment rather than as a single universal approach. Preventive formulations address infection-related cancer risk, while therapeutic formulations are investigated for established tumors. Researchers assess shared-antigen and personalized strategies for their potential to improve treatment response and support longer-term immune surveillance in oncology.