Stereotactic Apparatus
Stereotactic Apparatus - Related Videos
10:35
Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Gynecologic Cancer
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Cited by 14 •
2012
Stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) involves image-guided, ablative radiation delivered to cancer targets refractory to chemotherapy or to conventional radiation treatment. The robotic-armed Cyberknife SBRT system, using sophisticated target localization, delivers hypofractionated radiation doses capable of sterilizing cancer targets. This article will consider new therapeutic roles of SBRT for gynecological cancers.
07:54
Applying Stereotactic Injection Technique to Study Genetic Effects on Animal Behaviors
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Cited by 15 •
2015
Stereotactic injection of lentiviruses expressing cDNAs or shRNAs can modulate gene expression in specific brain areas of mice. Here, we present a protocol to combine stereotactic injections with behavioral tasks, such as the Open Field Test (OFT) and the Forced Swim Test (FST).
07:32
Novel Apparatus and Method for Drug Reinforcement
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Cited by 9 •
2010
Operant drug self-administration and conditioned place preference (CPP) procedures are expansively used in research to model various components of drug reinforcement, consumption, and addiction in humans. In this report, we combined traditional CPP and self-administration methods as a novel approach to studying drug reinforcement and addiction in rats.
01:09
Golgi Apparatus
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2023
Properly folded and assembled proteins are selectively packaged into vesicles that exit the ER. Motor proteins transport these vesicles to the Golgi apparatus for adding modifications that make these proteins functional at their destination. The Golgi apparatus is a eukaryotic organelle that has a distinctive ribbon-like appearance. It is a primary sorting and dispatch station for cargo arriving from the ER. Newly arriving vesicles enter the cis face of the Golgi, closest to the ER, and are...
01:49
Golgi Apparatus
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2026
As they leave the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER), properly folded and assembled proteins are selectively packaged into vesicles. These vesicles are transported by microtubule-based motor proteins and fuse together to form vesicular tubular clusters, subsequently arriving at the Golgi apparatus, a eukaryotic endomembrane organelle that often has a distinctive ribbon-like appearance.The Golgi apparatus is a major sorting and dispatch station for the products of the ER. Newly arriving vesicles enter...
FAQs
The coordinate system identifies a target in three dimensions, allowing the operator to calculate a trajectory rather than rely on visual estimation alone. Anatomical landmarks, reference atlases, or imaging provide the positional information used for that calculation. This approach links the intended biological structure with the instrument’s guide, supporting consistent access across experimental subjects.
These sources provide the positional framework needed to translate a biological target into stereotaxic coordinates. An atlas supplies reference locations, while imaging can support localization within the subject. Anatomical landmarks help relate the selected coordinates to recognizable structures. Together, they guide planning before an electrode, needle, cannula, or biopsy tool is advanced.
Stabilization keeps the subject and the planned coordinate frame aligned while the instrument follows its calculated trajectory. Without that fixed relationship, movement could alter the position at which a tool enters or deposits material. Maintaining alignment therefore supports accurate targeting and improves reproducibility when researchers repeat localized interventions or measurements in animal models.
The guided tool determines the immediate purpose of the procedure. An electrode can support neural recording, whereas an injection needle or cannula can deliver material to a selected location. A biopsy tool obtains tissue, and localized lesioning alters a defined region. Thus, the same targeting framework can support measurement, sampling, delivery, or intervention.
Planning begins by identifying the structure of interest and selecting coordinates from anatomical landmarks, imaging, or a reference atlas. The subject is then stabilized, and the apparatus is aligned to guide the chosen tool along the calculated trajectory. This sequence connects target selection with the intended operation, whether recording, delivery, tissue sampling, or localized lesioning.
Researchers use them when an experiment requires access to a specific brain region or another localized body site. Supported applications include targeted drug delivery, neural recording, tissue sampling, and localized lesioning. These procedures help investigate brain function, behavior, disease mechanisms, and therapeutic interventions by linking a defined anatomical location with a controlled experimental manipulation or measurement.
They can produce location-specific measurements or interventions, such as neural recordings, tissue samples, delivered substances, or localized lesions. Because the procedure documents a calculated target and guided trajectory, results can be related to a particular anatomical structure. This positional precision strengthens comparisons among experiments and supports studies of behavior, disease mechanisms, and potential therapies.