Swallowing Process
Swallowing Process - Related Videos
14:13
Coordinate Mapping of Hyolaryngeal Mechanics in Swallowing
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Cited by 34 •
2014
Coordinate mapping is a method of documenting salient features of hyolaryngeal biomechanics in the pharyngeal phase of swallowing. This methodology uses image analysis software to record coordinates of anatomical landmarks. These coordinates are imported into an excel macro and translated into kinematic variables of interest useful in dysphagia research.
07:45
Minimally Invasive Murine Laryngoscopy for Close-Up Imaging of Laryngeal Motion During Breathing and Swallowing
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2023
This protocol describes a serial transoral laryngoscopy approach for mice and rats that permits close-up, unobstructed video imaging of the larynx during breathing and swallowing using an optimized anesthetic regimen and finely tuned endoscopic manipulation techniques.
08:32
Adapting Human Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study Methods to Detect and Characterize Dysphagia in Murine Disease Models
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Cited by 52 •
2015
This study successfully adapted human videofluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) methods for use with murine disease models for the purpose of facilitating translational dysphagia research.
01:24
Upper GI Series: Barium Swallow
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2025
The Barium Swallow Study, or a Barium Esophagogram, is a diagnostic imaging method used to visualize the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract, including the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine. It employs barium sulfate, a radiopaque contrast material, to provide clear images of the upper digestive system, helping to identify abnormalities, diseases, or structural issues. Purpose and Procedure Patients undergoing this procedure ingest a liquid containing barium sulfate with a chalky...
01:30
Processes at Electrodes
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2026
The electrode interacts with ions in the electrolyte solution at its interface. The rate of oxidation and reduction depends on the speed at which electrons can transfer through this interface. As ions attach to or leave the electrode surface, the electrode acquires a charge, and an electrical potential forms across the interface, making the process more difficult to reach equilibrium. The charge on the electrode affects the local ion concentrations in the solution, though thermal motion...
FAQs
Each stage prepares the next one: voluntary movement brings the prepared bolus into the pharynx, the involuntary reflex coordinates pharyngeal muscle contraction, and esophageal peristaltic waves continue transport. This timing also links propulsion with airway protection, because the laryngeal opening must close while the bolus passes through the pharyngeal region.
They support two different outcomes during the pharyngeal transition. Closure of the laryngeal opening protects the airway, while relaxation of the upper esophageal sphincter permits the bolus to enter the esophagus. Their coordinated actions help direct material toward the digestive tract rather than the respiratory passage.
Swallowing combines a voluntary initiation with an involuntary reflex. After the prepared bolus is moved into the pharynx, sequential muscle contractions proceed without the same conscious control used at the start. This transition provides a biological example of nervous system coordination across oral, pharyngeal, and esophageal muscle activity.
Peristaltic waves provide continued, organized propulsion after the pharyngeal phase has transferred the bolus into the esophagus. Rather than relying only on the initial movement from the mouth, the esophageal portion uses sequential contractions to move material toward the stomach. This makes esophageal transport a distinct component of the overall sequence.
Researchers can examine how oral, pharyngeal, and esophageal phases connect, how muscles contract in sequence, and how airway protection is coordinated with transport. These observations provide a framework for investigating nervous system control and the biological organization of swallowing, rather than treating movement of food as a single undifferentiated action.
Dysphagia can be considered in relation to the coordinated events required for effective swallowing. Studying the oral, pharyngeal, and esophageal phases helps identify which parts of the sequence are important for bolus movement, airway protection, or passage toward the stomach. This phase-based perspective supports biological explanations of swallowing disorders.