Cowan Model
Cowan Model - Related Videos
07:59
Implantation of Engineered Tissue in the Rat Heart
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Cited by 4 •
2009
Here, we describe a cardiac surgical procedure to implant engineered tissue in the atrioventricular (AV)-groove of an adult Lewis rat.
05:04
Using Simulation Models to Train Clinicians in the Use of Point-of-Care Ultrasound
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2024
The present protocol describes an ideal solution to train novices in the use of point-of-care ultrasound devices for the practical clinical skill of visually assessing distinct individual anatomical vascular conditions prior to and during an intended venous vascular cannulation using point-of-care ultrasound in a patient.
13:43
Fabrication of Myogenic Engineered Tissue Constructs
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Cited by 11 •
2009
Here, we demonstrate fabrication of collagen-based, tissue constructs containing skeletal myoblasts. These 3-D engineered constructs may be used to replace or repair tissues in vivo. For our purposes, we have designed these as an atrioventricular electrical conduit for the repair of complete heart block[1].
12:31
In Vivo Modeling of the Morbid Human Genome using Danio rerio
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Cited by 66 •
2013
Here, we present a systematic approach for developing physiologically relevant, sensitive and specific in vivo assays for interpreting variation in human pathology. Transient genetic manipulation via microinjection of WT and mutant human mRNA and morpholino (MO) antisense oligonucleotides harness the tractability of the developing zebrafish embryo to rapidly assay pathogenic mutations, especially, but not exclusively, in the context of human developmental disorders.
10:32
Thermal Diffusivity and the Laser Flash Method
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2023
Source: Elise S.D. Buki, Danielle N. Beatty, and Taylor D. Sparks, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT The laser flash method (LFA) is a technique used to measure thermal diffusivity, a material specific property. Thermal diffusivity (α) is the ratio of how much heat is conducted relative to how much heat is stored in a material. It is related to thermal conductivity (), how much heat is transferred through a material due to a temperature...
FAQs
The minimum safe headway establishes a lower bound for the interval between successive vehicles, while the additional spacing component represents variation above that bound. This separation lets the model distinguish unavoidable safety-related spacing from behaviorally variable spacing. As a result, predicted headway distributions can reflect both a fundamental constraint and the range of observed driving behavior.
The distinction captures two different traffic conditions within the same roadway stream. Freely traveling vehicles have greater independence from a preceding vehicle, whereas platoon-constrained vehicles reflect following behavior shaped by an upstream leader. Representing these groups separately helps relate the overall headway pattern to traffic organization and supports more realistic interpretation of vehicle-arrival data.
Stochastic variation allows headways to be represented as a range of possible intervals rather than as one fixed value. That feature is important because roadway streams contain changing driver behavior and vehicle spacing. By modeling the distribution of additional spacing, engineers can compare predicted and observed arrival patterns and assess how well a traffic representation reflects actual operating conditions.
The model parameters connect measurable time headways with traffic conditions and driving behavior. In particular, observations of intervals between successive vehicles can inform the balance between minimum spacing, additional variability, and the presence of constrained platoons. This connection gives engineers a way to interpret traffic streams using data that can be observed at roadway locations or intersections.
Engineers can compare observed headway patterns with the model's representation of minimum safe spacing, additional distributed spacing, and free or platoon-constrained travel. Adjusting the representation to better match those observations provides a behavior-based calibration reference for microscopic simulation. The resulting simulation can then support analysis of traffic conditions and alternative roadway or control strategies.
At signalized intersections, vehicle-arrival headways help characterize how traffic reaches and passes through the controlled approach. The model provides a framework for relating those intervals to traffic conditions and vehicle grouping, which can support capacity analysis and evaluation of signal-control strategies. Its value is greatest when arrival patterns and changes in roadway operation must be compared systematically.