The electronic command sets the intended motion, while the electric motor drives the hydraulic pump. As the pump pressurizes fluid, valves regulate its movement and sensors provide information for controlling position and load response. The local reservoir keeps fluid management within the actuator, allowing these components to coordinate without relying on a centralized hydraulic circuit.
Electrical input drives the motor, and the motor supplies the pump with mechanical power. Pump pressurization creates the hydraulic conditions needed to produce controlled force or displacement, while electronic commands determine the desired response. Valve regulation and sensing help match fluid movement to the commanded position and the load acting on the actuator.
An EHA places the pump, reservoir, valves, and sensors near the motion-producing element instead of depending on an external centralized circuit. This arrangement can reduce external plumbing and simplify system integration. It also combines hydraulic power density with electrical control, supporting electrified designs that seek improved efficiency, reliability, and flexibility.
The main influencing factors are the electronic command, motor-driven pump operation, fluid pressurization, valve regulation, sensor information, and the applied load. Together, these elements determine whether the actuator produces the intended force or displacement and reaches the required position. Their coordination is especially important when the application demands precise, high-power movement.
Operation begins with an electronic motion command. The electric motor responds by driving the hydraulic pump, which pressurizes fluid locally. Valves regulate the resulting fluid movement, while sensors monitor information relevant to position and load response. The actuator then uses these coordinated functions to deliver controlled motion without requiring a separate external hydraulic circuit.
EHAs suit applications that require precise, high-power movement within compact or electrified architectures. The provided examples include aerospace flight controls, industrial machinery, robotics, and other systems moving away from centralized hydraulic arrangements. Their local hydraulic power and electrical control can support simpler integration where reducing external plumbing and maintaining flexible actuation are important.