Menstrual Irregularities

Menstrual irregularities are deviations from the expected timing, duration, flow, or pattern of menstrual bleeding and may signal changes in reproductive or overall health. Menstrual cycles depend on coordinated communication between the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, ovaries, and uterus; disruption of hormone signaling, ovulation, thyroid function, energy balance, or uterine structure can alter cycle patterns. Clinical assessment considers bleeding history, pregnancy status, medications, life stage, and associated symptoms to distinguish conditions such as anovulation, polycystic ovary syndrome, and structural abnormalities. Understanding these patterns supports appropriate diagnosis, treatment planning, fertility evaluation, and recognition of bleeding that may require prompt medical attention.

Menstrual Irregularities - Related Videos

Education

JoVE Core - Civil Engineering

Areas Within Irregular Boundaries

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2025

Calculating areas within irregular boundaries, such as along rivers or curved roads, is crucial in various fields, including surveying, engineering, and environmental management. Surveyors often begin by creating a traverse, a connected series of straight lines approximating the area's boundary. The coordinates of each traverse point are essential for calculating the enclosed area. The double meridian distance formula is a widely used technique for this purpose. This method utilizes the...

The Menstrual Cycle

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2024

The menstrual cycle is a recurrent sequence of changes in the uterine endometrium, specifically its functional layer, the stratum functionalis. This cycle prepares the uterus for potential pregnancy. This cycle typically spans 21–35 days, averaging 28 days, and aligns with the ovarian cycle, regulated by fluctuating levels of ovarian hormones, primarily estrogen and progesterone. The menstrual phase occurs from days 1 to 5 and involves the shedding of the stratum functionalis, as a uterine...

Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle

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2024

The ovarian cycle regulates endometrial changes throughout a single menstrual cycle via the coordinated action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophins. At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH release.

Research

JoVE Journal - Behavior
Free Sample

Using Wavelet Entropy to Demonstrate how Mindfulness Practice Increases Coordination between Irregular Cerebral and Cardiac Activities

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Cited by 14 •

2017

This manuscript describes how to use the wavelet entropy index to analyze high-density electroencephalography (EEG) and electrocardiography (ECG) data. We show that the irregularity of cerebral and cardiac activities became more coordinated during mindfulness-based stress reduction practice.

Auricular Point Acupressure Therapy: A Safe and Effective Treatment for Postsurgical Abortion Recovery

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2026

This protocol details auricular plaster therapy using Vaccaria seeds on specific acupoints to promote recovery after surgical abortion. As a non-pharmacological adjunct to conventional treatment, it reduces vaginal bleeding duration, alleviates symptoms, and accelerates menstrual cycle restoration, demonstrating both safety and efficacy in clinical application.

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