Multi-layered Beads
Multi-layered Beads - Related Videos
10:16
Synthetic, Multi-Layer, Self-Oscillating Vocal Fold Model Fabrication
0 Views •
Cited by 49 •
2011
The methodology for fabricating synthetic vocal fold models is described. The models are life-sized and mimic the multi-layer structure of the human vocal folds. Results show the models to self-oscillate at pressures comparable to lung pressure and demonstrate flow-induced vibratory responses that are similar to those of human vocal folds.
09:27
Immobilization of Multi-biocatalysts in Alginate Beads for Cofactor Regeneration and Improved Reusability
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Cited by 16 •
2016
Presented is the protocol for co-immobilizing whole-cell biocatalysts for cofactor regeneration and improved reusability, using the production of L-xylulose as an example. The cofactor regeneration is achieved by coupling two Escherichia coli strains expressing functionally complementary enzymes; the whole-cell biocatalyst immobilization is achieved by cell encapsulation in calcium alginate beads.
09:45
Separating Beads and Cells in Multi-channel Microfluidic Devices Using Dielectrophoresis and Laminar Flow
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Cited by 8 •
2011
Dielectrophoresis (DEP) is an effective method to manipulate cells. Printed circuit boards (PCB) can provide inexpensive, reusable and effective electrodes for contact-free cell manipulation within microfluidic devices. By combining PDMS-based microfluidic channels with coverslips on PCBs, we demonstrate bead and cell manipulation and separation within multichannel microfluidic devices.
10:06
Characterization Of Multi-layered Fish Scales (Atractosteus spatula) Using Nanoindentation, X-ray CT, FTIR, and SEM
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Cited by 15 •
2014
This paper presents the methods used for probing spatially correlated chemical, structural, and mechanical properties of the multilayered scale of Atractosteus spatula (A. spatula) using nanoindentation, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray computed tomography (X-ray CT). The experimental results have been used to investigate the design principles of protective biological materials.
04:06
Assessing Bacteria-Host Cell Interactions Using Biomimetic Beads
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2025
Source: Stones, D. H., et al. Biomimetic Materials to Characterize Bacteria-host Interactions. J. Vis. Exp. (2015)This video demonstrates the use of bacteriomimetic beads to quantify bacterial adhesion to host epithelial cells under competitive conditions. It outlines the steps involved in treating the cells, lysing them, and plating serial dilutions to measure colony-forming units.
FAQs
Layer-by-layer fabrication assigns each region a planned function. The core may carry an active compound, while surrounding layers can regulate diffusion or protect sensitive contents. The outermost chemistry can present molecules for biological interaction. Because the layers are built together, their composition and arrangement determine how transport, protection, and surface behavior work as a system.
Permeability controls how readily substances move through the bead, making it central to diffusion and release behavior. A less permeable layer can slow movement, whereas changes in layer composition may alter that barrier. Surface chemistry governs which molecules are presented externally and how the bead interacts with its biological surroundings, supporting controlled delivery and protected contents.
The main variables are the core, the number and function of surrounding layers, permeability, composition, and surface chemistry. Adjusting these features can change whether a bead emphasizes cargo protection, diffusion control, molecular presentation, or interaction with biological surroundings. This tunability lets designers align bead behavior with a particular medical purpose.
Design begins by assigning a desired role to the core and each surrounding layer, then selecting how those layers should control diffusion, protect contents, carry an active compound, or present molecules at the surface. Layer-by-layer fabrication establishes the final arrangement. The resulting bead can then be considered for delivery, encapsulation, sensing, or separation.
In medicine, these beads can be used when a therapeutic or biological function benefits from separately controlled roles. Drug-delivery designs can regulate access to an active compound, while cell-encapsulation designs use layered structure to support protected contents. The same platform also supports biosensing and separation technologies, broadening its relevance beyond medication release.
Tuned permeability can help control the movement of compounds, while surface chemistry can determine which molecules are available for interaction. Together, these features may improve treatment localization, protect sensitive therapeutic agents, and provide more precise control over biological interactions. Those capabilities make the platform relevant to delivery systems, encapsulation, biosensing, and separation.