Plaque Phenotype Characterization
Plaque Phenotype Characterization - Related Videos
09:21
Multipronged Phenotyping Approaches to Characterize Sugarcane Root Systems
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Cited by 1 •
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Characterizing root system traits is one of the areas of research that is still in its infancy, particularly in sugarcane. Integrating multiple approaches to precisely phenotype sugarcane roots leads to comprehensive and holistic results, enabling the utilization of identified traits and mechanisms for conventional and molecular breeding.
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Plaque Assay: A Method to Determine Viral Titer as Plaque Forming Units (PFU)
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Source: Tilde Andersson1, Rolf Lood1 1 Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Division of Infection Medicine, Biomedical Center, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden Viruses that infect prokaryotic organisms, called bacteriophages or simply phages, were identified in the early 20th century by Twort (1) and d'Hérelle (2) independently. Phages have since been widely recognized for their therapeutic value (3) and their influence on human (4), as well as global, ecosystems (5). Current concerns have...
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A Barcoding Assay for Phenotypic and Functional Characterization of Immune Cells
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10:53
Plaque Assay for Murine Norovirus
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Cited by 99 •
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Here we describe a method to quantify infectious particles of murine norovirus (MNV), which is the only norovirus that efficiently replicates in cell culture. The plaque assay takes advantage of MNV’s tropism for murine macrophages and can be adapted for use with biological or environmental samples containing MNV.
07:14
Phenotypic Characterization of Macrophages from Rat Kidney by Flow Cytometry
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Cited by 37 •
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This manuscript describes a detailed protocol for phenotypic and quantitative analysis of resident macrophages from rat kidneys by flow cytometry. The resulting stained cells can be also used for other applications, including cell sorting, gene expression analysis or functional studies, thus increasing the information obtained in the experimental model.
FAQs
Fibrous-cap integrity helps indicate how well a plaque contains its underlying lipid-rich necrotic core. A preserved cap is considered a feature of relative stability, whereas impaired integrity is associated with characteristics linked to thrombosis and cardiovascular events. Characterizing this relationship helps connect microscopic plaque structure with its potential clinical consequences rather than relying on plaque presence alone.
Each assessment domain contributes different information. Structural analysis evaluates features such as fibrous-cap integrity and remodeling, compositional analysis identifies lipid-rich necrotic cores and calcification, and biological assessment addresses inflammation and related activity. Considering these findings together provides a more informative phenotype, supporting distinctions between relatively stable lesions and plaques with clinically concerning characteristics.
These features help define the plaque phenotype beyond its overall size or appearance. A lipid-rich necrotic core describes an important compositional characteristic, calcification provides additional structural information, and inflammation reflects biological activity. Their combined assessment supports interpretation of whether a lesion has features associated with stability, progression, thrombosis, or cardiovascular risk.
The process combines imaging, histological examination, and molecular analysis rather than depending on a single source of evidence. Imaging contributes assessment of plaque structure and remodeling, histology examines tissue composition and organization, and molecular analysis evaluates biological activity. Integrating these findings creates a broader characterization that can be related to clinical significance and patient outcomes.
It is useful when clinicians or investigators need to distinguish relatively stable plaques from lesions with features associated with thrombosis and cardiovascular events. The resulting assessment can support risk assessment and treatment planning, while also helping evaluate therapies. Its value comes from linking plaque characteristics with potential clinical significance rather than treating all atherosclerotic lesions as equivalent.
Plaque phenotype characterization provides a framework for examining how plaque development and progression influence disease. Researchers can relate structural, compositional, and biological findings to diagnostic observations and patient outcomes, creating a connection between vascular biology and clinical medicine. The same framework also supports evaluation of therapies by assessing whether plaque characteristics change in clinically meaningful ways.