Genetic Susceptibility
Genetic Susceptibility - Related Videos
01:09
Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping of a Human Brain Using Ex-Vivo Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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2025
Quantitative susceptibility mapping, or QSM, quantifies the magnetic susceptibility of brain tissue, which reflects its cellular composition, like myelin content.Begin by acquiring ex-vivo magnetic resonance imaging or MRI data of a fixed human brain hemisphere.Use 3D gradient magnetic fields to magnetize the tissue and collect signals at multiple time points or echoes to reduce background noise and artifacts and enhance the signals.Generate phase maps for all echoes, ensuring the removal of...
03:18
Stimulation of the Intracardiac Nervous System to Assess Susceptibility to Arrhythmia
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2025
Source: Jungen, C., et al. Impact of Intracardiac Neurons on Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmogenesis in an Ex Vivo Langendorff System. J. Vis. Exp. (2018).The video demonstrates an ex vivo technique for stimulating the intracardiac nervous system to assess the heart’s susceptibility to arrhythmia. Using a perfusion apparatus, an isolated mouse heart is perfused with an oxygenated buffer. The intracardiac nervous system is then stimulated at a high frequency to induce arrhythmias.
01:31
Magnetic Susceptibility and Permeability
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2025
In linear magnetic materials, like paramagnets and diamagnets, magnetization is proportional to the magnetic field intensity. The constant of proportionality, a dimensionless number, is called magnetic susceptibility. The value of the susceptibility depends on the type of material. When diamagnetic materials are placed under an external magnetic field, the moments opposite to the field are induced. Hence, the susceptibility for diamagnets has a minimal negative value of 10-5–10-6. Since...
03:46
Detection of Bacterial Antibiotic Susceptibility Using a Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscope
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2026
Source: Zhang, M. et. al., Rapid Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing by Stimulated Raman Scattering Imaging of Deuterium Incorporation in a Single Bacterium. J. Vis. Exp. (2022)This video demonstrates the application of stimulated Raman scattering microscopy to assess susceptibility to antibiotics by tracking deuterium-labeled metabolic activity. By monitoring carbon–deuterium signals, the method enables rapid detection of resistant and susceptible bacterial populations.
17:50
Preventing the Spread of Malaria and Dengue Fever Using Genetically Modified Mosquitoes
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Cited by 10 •
2007
In this candid interview, Anthony A. James explains how mosquito genetics can be exploited to control malaria and dengue transmission. Population replacement strategy, the idea that transgenic mosquitoes can be released into the wild to control disease transmission, is introduced as well as the concept of genetic drive and the design criterion for an effective genetic drive system. The ethical considerations of releasing genetically-modified organisms into the wild are also discussed.
FAQs
Variants in drug-metabolizing enzymes can change how a medicine is processed, while variants in transport proteins can influence its movement through the body. Changes in therapeutic targets may modify how the medicine acts after reaching its site of action. Together, these differences help explain why the same treatment can produce different responses among individuals.
These components influence separate stages of treatment response. Drug-metabolizing enzymes affect processing, transport proteins influence how a medicine is handled in the body, and therapeutic targets affect the medicine’s action. Examining them separately can help researchers determine whether genetic variation is more closely associated with altered drug handling, reduced efficacy, or increased risk of an adverse reaction.
Inherited differences can affect both how well a medicine works and how safely it is tolerated. A variant may be associated with reduced therapeutic efficacy in one person or with an adverse drug reaction in another. Recognizing these patterns gives pharmacogenomic research a basis for explaining outcome variation that cannot be understood from the medicine alone.
Pharmacogenomic research examines relationships between inherited genetic variation and treatment outcomes. Researchers can use these relationships to identify patterns associated with efficacy, adverse drug reactions, or differences in drug handling. The resulting evidence supports more informed interpretation of patient variability and can help identify groups whose expected response differs from that of other patients.
When a relevant relationship has been established, genetic susceptibility information can support individualized prescribing. It may help clinicians consider whether a patient is more likely to benefit from a medicine, experience harm, or require a different dose selection. This approach uses inherited variation as an additional consideration alongside the treatment decision, rather than assuming uniform responses.
During drug development, genetic susceptibility can help identify patient populations most likely to benefit from a therapy or most likely to experience harm. This information may clarify which groups should receive closer evaluation in research and how treatment outcomes vary across populations. It therefore contributes to developing medicines with more clearly understood benefits and risks.