Encyclopedia of Experiments: Immunology
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Transcript
Begin with a multi-well plate containing adhered bone marrow-derived macrophages.
Introduce influenza A viruses that fuse with macrophages, releasing ribonucleoproteins containing viral RNA.
The macrophages' Z-DNA binding protein 1, or ZBP1 interacts with viral ribonucleoproteins, triggering ZBP1 oligomerization, with kinases and caspase 8.
The oligomerized ZBP1 further recruits inflammasome sensor proteins, adaptor proteins, and procaspase-1, forming a multimeric complex — a PANoptosome.
Within the PANoptosome, initiator caspase-8 activates through proximity cleavage, further activating effector caspases, including caspase-3 and 7.
Additionally, the inflammasome sensor proteins within the PANoptosome activate a signaling cascade, converting pro-caspase-1 to its active form, caspase-1.
Concurrently, viral infection induces the release of cytochrome-c from the mitochondria, triggering apoptosome activation, and converting pro-caspase-9 to its active form.
Viral infection also triggers the non-canonical inflammasome pathway, activating caspase-11.
Introduce a lysis buffer to lyse the macrophages; collect the lysate, and heat it to inactivate proteases, preventing caspases' degradation.
Centrifuge and collect the supernatant containing multiple caspases for further analysis.
