Name: wheatstone bridge output for strain gauge design
Uploaded: 2024-04-11T12:48:31.000Z
Duration: 1 min 15 s
Channel: JoVE

K12 Standards

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills

High School

Biology

BIO.2

BIO.2.D

design-example-strain-gauge-bridge-or-wheatstone-bridge

Design Example: Strain Gauge Bridge or Wheatstone Bridge

Un galga extensométrica, un transductor que convierte la tensión mecánica en señales eléctricas, se utiliza a menudo para medir la fuerza.
La función del ingeniero consiste en diseñar el circuito del puente de Wheatstone, tener galgas extensométricas en cada brazo e identificar la amplificación necesaria para el voltaje de salida. Aquí, se supone que la fuerza aplicada aumenta la resistencia de dos galgas extensométricas, mientras que la resistencia disminuye en las otras dos. Además, se conoce la relación entre el voltaje de salida del puente y el cambio en la resistencia.
Esto se puede lograr usando el teorema de Thevenin.
Conociendo el voltaje de entrada, primero se determinan las corrientes en las ramas superior e inferior. Estos valores se sustituyen en la ley de Ohm para calcular el voltaje de Thevenin.
La fuente se elimina para calcular la resistencia de Thevenin y la resistencia equivalente se determina de forma simplificada.
A partir del circuito equivalente de Thevenin, el voltaje de salida del puente se calcula utilizando la regla de división de voltaje.
La comparación de la relación obtenida con la relación conocida permite determinar la ganancia del amplificador necesaria para diseñar el circuito para que funcione dentro del rango deseado.

ejemplo de diseño: puente de galga extensométrica

La utilización de galgas extensométricas como transductores para convertir deformaciones mecánicas en señales eléctricas es una práctica común en diversas aplicaciones de ingeniería. Estas galgas extensométricas se integran frecuentemente en los circuitos de puente de Wheatstone para medir con precisión parámetros como la fuerza o la presión. En este contexto, cada elemento dentro del circuito exhibe una resistencia que sufre variaciones sutiles cuando se somete a tensión mecánica. El objetivo principal es convertir variaciones minúsculas en la salida de voltaje pequeña en una salida de voltaje más discernible, que se puede leer cómodamente usando un voltímetro. En la capacidad del ingeniero, las responsabilidades incluyen crear un diseño de galga extensométrica y determinar la amplificación necesaria para reflejar con precisión los cambios en la resistencia. Esto se basa en la aplicación del teorema de Thevenin, que establece la conexión entre el voltaje de salida del circuito puente y las variaciones en la resistencia. El procedimiento comienza calculando el voltaje de Thevenin, que requiere la determinación inicial de las corrientes dentro de las ramas superior e inferior del circuito. Como resultado, estos valores de corriente calculados se sustituyen en la ley de Ohm para derivar el voltaje de Thevenin. Al mismo tiempo, la resistencia de Thevenin se determina eliminando la fuente de voltaje en una configuración simplificada. El circuito equivalente de Thevenin encuentra el voltaje de salida del puente mediante la regla de división de voltaje. El resultado crítico de este análisis permite la determinación precisa de la ganancia del amplificador requerida para diseñar el circuito para que funcione de manera efectiva dentro del rango operativo especificado.

Ejemplo de diseño: puente de galga extensométrica

Un galga extensométrica, un transductor que convierte la tensión mecánica en señales eléctricas, se utiliza a menudo para medir la fuerza.
El papel del ingeniero implica ...

Education

Educación

JoVE Core

Electrical Engineering

Ingeniería Eléctrica

Unit 1

Unidad 1

DC Circuit Analysis

Análisis de circuitos de CC

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

TÉRMINOS Y CONCEPTOS CLAVE

wheatstone bridge output for strain gauge design

A strain gauge and Wheatstone bridge work together to turn mechanical strain into an electrical signal. In engineering, this setup is often used to measure force or pressure. Each part of the bridge has a resistance that changes slightly when strain is applied.

The main goal is to turn a very small voltage output into a larger, easier-to-read signal. A voltmeter can then measure that output more clearly. To do this, an engineer designs the strain gauge circuit and figures out how much amplification is needed so the resistance change is shown accurately.

The analysis uses Thevenin's theorem, which links the bridge output voltage to changes in resistance. First, the Thevenin voltage is found by calculating the currents in the upper and lower branches of the circuit. Those currents are then used with Ohm's law to determine the voltage.

Next, the Thevenin resistance is found by removing the voltage source and simplifying the circuit. The Thevenin equivalent circuit is then used with the voltage division rule to find the bridge output voltage. This result helps determine the amplifier gain needed for the circuit to work in the correct operating range.

Wheatstone Bridge Output for Strain Gauge Design

wheatstone-bridge-output-for-strain-gauge-design

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design example: strain gauge bridge or wheatstone bridge

A strain gauge and Wheatstone bridge work together to turn mechanical strain into an electrical signal. In engineering, this setup is often used to measure force or pressure. Each part of the bridge has a resistance that changes slightly when strain is applied. The main goal is to turn a very small voltage output into a larger, easier-to-read signal. A voltmeter can then measure that output more clearly. To do this, an engineer designs the strain gauge circuit and figures out how much...

key terms and concepts

Learn how a strain gauge and Wheatstone bridge convert strain into voltage, and how Thevenin's theorem helps find the amplifier gain needed.

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Wheatstone Bridge Output for Strain Gauge Design

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