Name: verrucomicrobiota cell structure and traits
Uploaded: 2025-06-05T06:42:28.000Z
Duration: 1 min 26 s
Channel: JoVE

El filo Verrucomicrobiota se clasifica en cuatro órdenes, y la mayoría de las especies se clasifican en el orden Verrucomicrobiales.Las especies de este filo son bacterias obligadas o facultativamente aeróbicas ampliamente distribuidas en diversos entornos, incluyendo agua dulce, hábitats marinos, suelos forestales y tierras agrícolas.Las especies de verrugomicrobiota contribuyen al ciclo del carbono. Muchas especies fermentan azúcares, mientras que los metanótrofos aeróbicos, como el género Methylacidiphilum, oxidan el metano.Curiosamente, las especies de Verrucomicrobiota poseen extensiones citoplasmáticas unidas a la membrana llamadas prótesis. Estos apéndices están soportados por peptidoglicano en sus paredes celulares.Los géneros Verrucomicrobium y Prosthecobacter se caracterizan por producir múltiples prótesis en cada célula.Se someten a una división celular simétrica, lo que da lugar a que tanto las células madre como las hijas posean prótesis en el momento de la división.Las especies de Prosthecobacter tienen dos genes que exhiben una homología significativa con los genes que codifican la tubulina en las células eucariotas. Pero su función sigue sin estar clara, ya que no se ha observado ningún citoesqueleto de tipo eucariota en estas bacterias.

filo bacteriano: verrucomicrobia

Bacterial Phylum Verrucomicrobiota

El filo Verrucomicrobiota comprende al menos cuatro &#243;rdenes caracterizados, siendo la mayor&#237;a de las especies clasificadas dentro del orden Verrucomicrobiotales. Los miembros de este filo son aerobios o aerobios facultativos, y presentan la capacidad para fermentar az&#250;cares. Una excepci&#243;n destacada es el g&#233;nero Methylacidiphilum, compuesto por metan&#243;trofos aerobios. Adem&#225;s, algunos Verrucomicrobiota establecen relaciones simbi&#243;ticas con protistas. Estas bacterias est&#225;n ampliamente distribuidas en diversos entornos, como aguas dulces, h&#225;bitats marinos, suelos de bosques y tierras agr&#237;colas.
Al igual que los Planctomycetes, los Verrucomicrobiota poseen estructuras intracelulares delimitadas por membrana. Sin embargo, una caracter&#237;stica distintiva de las Verrucomicrobiota es la presencia de extensiones citoplasm&#225;ticas llamadas prostecas (prosthecae). Estas prolongaciones est&#225;n sostenidas por peptidoglicano en su pared celular, lo que las diferencia de los Planctomycetes.
Los g&#233;neros Verrucomicrobium y Prosthecobacter son notables por producir m&#250;ltiples prostecas por c&#233;lula. En contraste con Caulobacter, que desarrolla una sola prosteca y libera c&#233;lulas m&#243;viles flageladas sin prostecas, Verrucomicrobium y Prosthecobacter experimentan una divisi&#243;n celular sim&#233;trica, resultando en que tanto la c&#233;lula madre como la c&#233;lula hija posean prostecas en el momento de la divisi&#243;n. El nombre Verrucomicrobium deriva del griego y significa &#8220;verrugoso&#8221;, descripci&#243;n adecuada del aspecto de Verrucomicrobium spinosum, con sus m&#250;ltiples prostecas sobresalientes.
Una caracter&#237;stica destacada de las especies de Prosthecobacter es la presencia de dos genes que presentan gran similitud con los genes que codifican tubulina en c&#233;lulas eucariotas. La tubulina es la prote&#237;na principal que conforma el citoesqueleto eucariota. Si bien la prote&#237;na bacteriana de divisi&#243;n celular FtsZ tambi&#233;n es un hom&#243;logo de la tubulina, las prote&#237;nas similares a tubulina presentes en Prosthecobacter muestran una mayor similitud estructural con la tubulina eucariota. No obstante, a pesar de esta similitud, la funci&#243;n de dichas prote&#237;nas en Prosthecobacter a&#250;n no est&#225; clara, ya que no se ha observado un citoesqueleto similar al eucariota en estas bacterias.

Filo bacteriano: Verrucomicrobia

El filo Verrucomicrobiota comprende al menos cuatro &#243;rdenes caracterizados, siendo la mayor&#237;a de las especies clasificadas dentro del orden ...

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Microbiología

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Microbial Diversity

Diversidad microbiana

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

TÉRMINOS Y CONCEPTOS CLAVE

verrucomicrobiota cell structure and traits

Verrucomicrobiota are a bacterial phylum with several recognized orders, and most species belong to Verrucomicrobiotales. Many members are aerobic or facultatively aerobic, which means they can use oxygen but may also grow without it. They can also ferment sugars. One exception is the genus Methylacidiphilum, which contains aerobic methanotrophs, bacteria that use methane and oxygen.

These bacteria live in many different places. They are found in freshwater, marine habitats, forest soils, and agricultural land. Some Verrucomicrobiota also form symbiotic relationships with protists, which are single-celled eukaryotes.

Verrucomicrobiota have membrane-bound internal structures, similar to Planctomycetes. They also have cytoplasmic extensions called prosthecae. These appendages are supported by peptidoglycan in the cell wall, which helps distinguish them from Planctomycetes. The genera Verrucomicrobium and Prosthecobacter are known for having multiple prosthecae on each cell.

Their cell division is also unusual. Unlike Caulobacter, which forms a single prostheca and releases flagellated swarmer cells without prosthecae, Verrucomicrobium and Prosthecobacter divide symmetrically. This means both the mother cell and the daughter cell have prosthecae at the time of division. The name Verrucomicrobium comes from a Greek word meaning &quot;warty,&quot; which matches the look of Verrucomicrobium spinosum and its many protruding prosthecae.

Prosthecobacter species are especially notable because they carry two genes that are very similar to genes for eukaryotic tubulin. Tubulin is the main protein that forms the eukaryotic cytoskeleton. Bacteria also have FtsZ, another tubulin homolog involved in cell division. However, the Prosthecobacter proteins are even more similar in structure to eukaryotic tubulin, and their function is still unclear. No eukaryotic-like cytoskeleton has been seen in these bacteria.

Verrucomicrobiota Cell Structure and Traits

verrucomicrobiota-cell-structure-and-traits

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key terms and concepts

Explore Verrucomicrobiota cell features, prosthecae, habitat diversity, symbiosis with protists, and the unusual tubulin-like genes in Prosthecobacter.

Verrucomicrobiota Cell Structure and Traits | JoVE K12

JoVE Core Microbiology provides an engaging introduction to the microbial world and its influence on health, industry, and the environment. This comprehensive collection covers key concepts such as microbial structure, metabolism, genetics, and ecology. It introduces essential laboratory techniques and microscopy methods through visually engaging animations. Corresponding scientist-in-action videos bridge classroom concepts with real-world research and applications.

microbiology

Verrucomicrobiota Cell Structure and Traits

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