Soft Robotics

Soft robotics is a field of robotics that uses compliant, deformable materials to create machines capable of safe, adaptive interaction with people and delicate environments. Unlike rigid robots, soft robots generate movement through mechanisms such as pneumatic or hydraulic actuation, shape-changing elastomers, flexible composites, and embedded sensors that respond to pressure, strain, or contact. In bioengineering, these properties support wearable assistive devices, surgical instruments, prostheses, and biologically inspired systems that conform to the body and reduce the risk of tissue damage. Their adaptability can improve rehabilitation and minimally invasive procedures while advancing research on artificial muscles, medical devices, and human-machine interfaces.

Soft Robotics - Related Videos

Research

JoVE Journal - Bioengineering

Rod-based Fabrication of Customizable Soft Robotic Pneumatic Gripper Devices for Delicate Tissue Manipulation

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Cited by 10 •

2016

This protocol describes a rod-based approach, combining 3D-printing and soft lithography techniques for fabricating the soft gripper devices. This approach eliminates the need for an external air source by incorporating a chamber component and reduces the chance of occlusion during the sealing process, particularly for miniaturized pneumatic channels.

Design and Fabrication of an Elastomeric Unit for Soft Modular Robots in Minimally Invasive Surgery

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Cited by 7 •

2015

This paper describes the design and fabrication of a soft unit for surgical manipulators. The base module includes three flexible fluidic actuators to achieve omnidirectional bending and elongation, and a granular jamming-based mechanism to enable stiffness control. A complete mechanical characterization is also reported.

Research

JoVE Journal - Engineering

Soft Pneumatic Robot Modulates Graph Theory Metrics of Brain Network for Hand Rehabilitation After Stroke

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2025

This study explores the effects of a configurable soft pneumatic robot on enhancing whole-brain network topology post-stroke. Graph theory analysis indicates significant improvements in clustering coefficient, path length, and global efficiency. Findings highlight the potential of programmable robotic protocols to modulate neuroplasticity and optimize functional recovery in stroke rehabilitation.

Bioinspired Soft Robot with Incorporated Microelectrodes

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Cited by 10 •

2020

A bioinspired scaffold is fabricated by a soft photolithography technique using mechanically robust and electrically conductive hydrogels. The micropatterned hydrogels provide directional cardiomyocyte cell alignment, resulting in a tailored direction of actuation. Flexible microelectrodes are also integrated into the scaffold to bring electrical controllability for a self-actuating cardiac tissue.

Research

JoVE Journal - Engineering
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Rapid Manufacturing of Thin Soft Pneumatic Actuators and Robots

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Cited by 5 •

2019

This protocol describes a method for rapid manufacturing of soft pneumatic actuators and robots with a thin form factor. The fabrication method starts with lamination of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) sheets followed by laser cutting/welding of a two-dimensional pattern to form actuators and robots.

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