Brain Parenchyma
Brain Parenchyma - Related Videos
06:40
Isolation and Functional Analysis of Arteriolar Endothelium of Mouse Brain Parenchyma
0 Views •
Cited by 2 •
2022
Intensive preparation of intact mouse cerebral endothelial "tubes" from cerebral parenchymal arterioles is illustrated for studying cerebral blood flow regulation. Further, we demonstrate the experimental strengths of this endothelial study model for fluorescence imaging and electrophysiology measurement of key cellular signaling pathways, including changes in intracellular [Ca2+] and membrane potential.
02:41
An In Vitro Model for Studying Pathogen Crossing of the Blood-Brain Barrier and Brain Cell Infection
0 Views •
2025
This video demonstrates an in vitro model to study pathogens crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Microvascular endothelial cells, which express tight junctions, form an endothelial layer in the upper chamber, while neurons, astrocytes, and microglia represent the brain parenchyma in the lower chamber, separated by a porous membrane. Virus infection in the BBB model mimics the pathogen crossing from blood to the brain. Upon introducing a neurotropic virus, it crosses the BBB via...
11:14
Acute Brain Trauma in Mice Followed By Longitudinal Two-photon Imaging
0 Views •
Cited by 11 •
2014
Acute brain trauma is a severe injury that has no adequate treatment to date. Multiphoton microscopy allows studying longitudinally the process of acute brain trauma development and probing therapeutical strategies in rodents. Two models of acute brain trauma studied with in vivo two-photon imaging of brain are demonstrated in this protocol.
08:36
Functional Neuroimaging Using Ultrasonic Blood-brain Barrier Disruption and Manganese-enhanced MRI
0 Views •
Cited by 4 •
2012
A technique is described for broadly opening the blood-brain barrier in the mouse using microbubbles and ultrasound. Using this technique, manganese can be administered to the mouse brain. Because manganese is an MRI contrast agent that accumulates in depolarized neurons, this approach enables imaging of neuronal activity.
08:27
Endothelial Cell Culture from Rat Brain Microvessels: A Procedure to Isolate and Culture Endothelial Cells from Microvessels of Rat Brain
0 Views •
2023
This video presents the isolation of microvessels from a rat brain using a combination of density gradient centrifugation and enzymatic digestion mehods. The isolated microvessels can be cultured in a culture flask pre-coated with collagen and fibronectin matrix to obtain endothelial cell colonies.
FAQs
Gray and white matter provide complementary structural information when clinicians assess brain parenchyma. Examining their organization can help identify whether a disease process changes tissue structure rather than relying only on symptoms. This distinction supports interpretation of abnormalities associated with tumors, strokes, infections, traumatic injury, and neurodegenerative disease, although the specific pattern must be evaluated clinically.
Glial cells support several conditions required for neuronal function. They contribute to metabolism, regulate the extracellular environment, form myelin, and help maintain the blood-brain barrier. Because these roles affect both cellular support and tissue protection, glial dysfunction or damage can alter how brain tissue operates and may contribute to neurological abnormalities observed during medical evaluation.
The blood-brain barrier helps regulate the environment surrounding brain cells and limits uncontrolled movement between the circulation and brain tissue. Its maintenance depends partly on glial support, so changes affecting this protective system can provide clinically relevant context when interpreting brain abnormalities. Assessment remains important in conditions such as infection, injury, tumors, and other disorders affecting parenchymal integrity.
Neurons generate and transmit electrical signals through synapses, allowing coordinated communication within the brain. If disease or injury disrupts this signaling, affected functions may include cognition, movement, sensation, or other neurological activities. Connecting observed symptoms with possible changes in neuronal function helps clinicians interpret how structural or cellular abnormalities may produce specific clinical effects.
Evaluation begins with a neurological examination, which assesses brain-related functions through the patient’s clinical findings. Imaging then provides information about tissue structure and can reveal abnormalities that may not be apparent from examination alone. Combining these approaches helps clinicians investigate suspected tumors, strokes, infections, traumatic injury, or neurodegenerative disease and relate findings to neurological function.
Clinicians use imaging when they need to examine brain tissue for structural abnormalities associated with neurological disease. It can contribute to evaluating tumors, strokes, infections, traumatic injury, and neurodegenerative disease. Imaging findings are most useful when interpreted alongside the neurological examination, because structural changes must be related to symptoms and affected functions rather than considered in isolation.
Findings from neurological examination and imaging can reveal disease-related changes in brain tissue and help clarify their relationship to impaired cognition, movement, sensation, or other functions. This information supports diagnosis by distinguishing possible disease processes and can guide treatment decisions. It also contributes to understanding how different forms of damage affect brain function in medicine.