Ultrasound Homogenization
Ultrasound Homogenization - Related Videos
01:23
Test for Homogeneity
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2023
The goodness–of–fit test can be used to decide whether a population fits a given distribution, but it will not suffice to decide whether two populations follow the same unknown distribution. A different test, called the test for homogeneity, can be used to conclude whether two populations have the same distribution. To calculate the test statistic for a test for homogeneity, follow the same procedure as with the test of independence. The hypotheses for the test for homogeneity can be stated as...
02:36
Isolation of Mosquito-Associated Virus from Mosquito Homogenate
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2026
Source: Huang, D., et al. Mosquito-Associated Virus Isolation from Field-Collected Mosquitoes. J. Vis. Exp. (2022).This video demonstrates the step-by-step procedure for the in vitro isolation of mosquito-associated viruses from mosquito homogenates using fibroblast-like mammalian cells.
10:53
A Novel Application of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Imaging
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Cited by 14 •
2013
We describe a new ultrasound-based vector tissue Doppler imaging technique to measure muscle contraction velocity, strain and strain rate with sub-millisecond temporal resolution during dynamic activities. This approach provides complementary measurements of dynamic muscle function and could lead to a better understanding of mechanisms underlying musculoskeletal disorders.
02:15
Homogeneous Equilibria for Gaseous Reactions
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2020
Homogeneous Equilibria for Gaseous Reactions For gas-phase reactions, the equilibrium constant may be expressed in terms of either the molar concentrations (Kc) or partial pressures (Kp) of the reactants and products. A relation between these two K values may be simply derived from the ideal gas equation and the definition of molarity. According to the ideal gas equation: Molar concentration or molarity is given by number of moles divided by the volume: Thus, where P is partial pressure, V...
08:01
Preparation of Homogeneous MALDI Samples for Quantitative Applications
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Cited by 8 •
2016
A protocol for reducing spatial heterogeneities of ion signals in MALDI mass spectrometry by regulating substrate temperature during sample drying processes is demonstrated.
FAQs
The probe creates alternating high- and low-pressure cycles rather than applying a single continuous mechanical force. These pressure changes generate cavitation bubbles, whose formation and collapse produce microjets and shear needed for localized disruption. This acoustic route acts on particles, droplets, or cells within a liquid and supports more uniform chemical mixtures.
Ultrasonic power and treatment time determine how much acoustic energy the sample receives, while temperature, solvent properties, and sample composition affect how that energy is transferred. Because these variables interact, changing one can alter dispersion, dissolution, extraction, or structural disruption. Selecting conditions therefore requires attention to both the liquid environment and the material being processed.
Microjets and shear forces produced when cavitation bubbles collapse provide localized mechanical effects in the liquid. They can disperse suspended materials, break down droplets, and disrupt cellular or particulate structures. These actions improve contact between components, which is relevant when a chemical procedure depends on mass transfer, dissolution, extraction, or reaction uniformity.
A practical treatment begins by placing the sample in a liquid and using an ultrasonic probe to deliver acoustic energy. The operator then chooses power and treatment time while accounting for temperature, solvent properties, and sample composition. This controlled setup can be adapted to the intended task, such as dispersion, dissolution, extraction, emulsification, or sample preparation.
Chemists may select this technique when a process benefits from improved contact or a more uniform distribution of material. In sample preparation, it can disrupt cells or suspended structures; in emulsification and nanoparticle dispersion, it helps distribute material; and in extraction or dissolution, it can support mass transfer and promote a more uniform mixture.
Assessment can focus on the intended chemical outcome: improved mixture uniformity, dispersed nanoparticles, dissolution, extraction, emulsified material, or disrupted cells. The relevant result depends on sample composition and operating conditions, including power, time, temperature, and solvent properties. Linking the observed outcome to the target application helps determine whether the treatment was appropriate.