Polymer Conformation
Polymer Conformation - Related Videos
01:20
Conformity
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2020
Conformity is the change in a person’s behavior to go along with the group, even if that person does not agree with the group. Asch’s Original Study Solomon Asch conducted several experiments in the 1950s to determine how people are affected by the thoughts and behaviors of other people. In one study, a group of participants was shown a series of printed line segments of different lengths: a, b, and c. Participants were then shown a fourth line segment: x. They were asked to identify which...
08:55
A Minority of One: Conformity to Group Norms
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2023
Source: William Brady & Jay Van Bavel—New York University It is obvious that we are influenced by those around us, but in the early to mid 1900's, psychologists began to study how potent social influence can be on our thoughts and behaviors. Motivated in part by attempts to explain the behaviors of Nazi soldiers in World War II, one topic of considerable interest at the time in psychology was conformity, the phenomenon in which people match their attitudes, behaviors, or beliefs to group...
02:34
Polymers
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2020
The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the properties that they exhibit. Additionally,...
10:37
Spatial Separation of Molecular Conformers and Clusters
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Cited by 3 •
2014
We present a technique that allows the spatial separation of different conformers or clusters present in a molecular beam. An electrostatic deflector is used to separate species by their mass-to-dipole moment ratio, leading to the production of gas-phase ensembles of a single conformer or cluster stoichiometry.
08:44
Tension Tests of Polymers
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2023
Source: Roberto Leon, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA Polymeric materials are widely used in civil structures, with uses ranging from very soft sealants to more rigid pipes in water and wastewater systems. The most basic definition of a polymer is a molecular structure with repeating subunits. The term polymer comes from Greek, where "poly" means many, and "-mer" means basic unit. Monomers, or single mers, are the specific repeating units. With...
FAQs
Rotation about single bonds gives a chain access to multiple three-dimensional arrangements while preserving its covalent connectivity. Backbone flexibility and bond geometry determine how readily those arrangements can form, whereas steric interactions can restrict particular rotations. The resulting balance helps explain why a polymer may adopt coiled, extended, or more ordered structures under different conditions.
Temperature and solvent quality can alter the balance among available chain arrangements. As these conditions change, polymer chains may shift between coiled, extended, and more ordered forms. Those shifts matter because the chain shape affects how the polymer behaves as a material, including its solubility, viscosity, elasticity, and degree of crystallinity.
Neighboring segments can influence which arrangements are favorable along a chain. Their interactions work together with bond geometry, backbone flexibility, and steric effects to shape the overall three-dimensional structure. This local structural influence is important because changes in segment arrangement can be reflected in larger-scale properties, including elasticity, viscosity, and molecular recognition.
Conformation concerns the chain arrangements available through bond rotation, while crystallinity reflects the presence of more ordered organization in the polymer material. The two are connected because chains can shift toward more ordered arrangements under suitable conditions. Distinguishing them helps chemists relate molecular-scale structure to material behavior without treating chain shape and material order as identical.
A useful analysis considers backbone flexibility, bond geometry, steric interactions, temperature, solvent quality, and interactions between neighboring segments. These variables provide a framework for explaining why a chain changes from one arrangement to another. Comparing the same polymer under different conditions can therefore connect structural changes with differences in solubility, viscosity, elasticity, or order.
Understanding chain arrangements helps researchers relate molecular architecture to macroscopic behavior. That relationship supports the design of materials whose solubility, viscosity, elasticity, crystallinity, or molecular recognition properties fit intended uses. The overview identifies coatings, fibers, drug delivery systems, and responsive polymers as application areas where controlling or interpreting these structural effects is relevant.