Translation Rotation
Translation Rotation - Related Videos
05:56
Mental Rotation
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2023
Source: Laboratory of Jonathan Flombaum—Johns Hopkins University Visual mental imagery refers to the ability to conjure images in one’s mind’s eye. This allows people to process visual material above and beyond the constraints of a current point-of-view; for example, a person could imagine, using their mind’s eye, how something might look in a different color, or what it would look like if it were made from a different material or rotated and seen from a different perspective. Mental imagery...
08:45
A Novel and Translational Rat Model of Concussion Combining Force and Rotation with In Vivo Cerebral Microdialysis
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Cited by 8 •
2019
Neurotransmitter alteration is a mechanism of neural dysfunction that occurs after concussion and contributes to the sometimes-catastrophic long-term consequences. This rat model combines microdialysis, allowing in vivo neurotransmitter quantification, with a weight-drop technique exerting rapid acceleration and deceleration of the head and torso, an important factor of human craniocerebral trauma.
07:48
Rotational Inertia
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2023
Source: Nicholas Timmons, Asantha Cooray, PhD, Department of Physics & Astronomy, School of Physical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA Inertia is the resistance of an object to being accelerated. In linear kinematics, this concept is directly related to the mass of an object. The more massive an object, the more force is required to accelerate that object. This is seen directly in Newton's second law, which states that force is equal to mass times acceleration. For rotation,...
02:33
Initiation of Translation
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2020
Initiating translation is complex because it involves multiple molecules. Initiator tRNA, ribosomal subunits, and eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) are all required to assemble on the initiation codon of mRNA. This process consists of several steps that are mediated by different eIFs. First, the initiator tRNA must be selected from the pool of elongator tRNAs by eukaryotic initiation factor 2 (eIF2). The initiator tRNA (Met-tRNAi) has conserved sequence elements including modified bases at...
01:44
Termination of Translation
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2020
The large ribosomal subunit has several important structures essential to translation. These include the peptidyl transferase center (PTC) - which is the site where the peptide bond is formed - and a large, internal, water-filled tube through which the nascent polypeptide moves. This latter structure is called the Peptide Exit Tunnel, and it begins at the PTC and spans the body of the large ribosomal subunit. During translation, as the nascent polypeptide chain is synthesized, it passes through...
FAQs
The translation vector specifies how the reference location moves, while the rotation matrix specifies how coordinates change as the body reorients. Combining these representations lets engineers determine the new position of a point on the rigid body relative to a chosen reference frame. This combined calculation supports motion descriptions that include both displacement and changing orientation.
Separating the two components clarifies whether a change comes from movement through space or from reorientation about an axis. Engineers can analyze each contribution independently and then combine them to describe the complete motion. This organization makes kinematic models easier to interpret and helps predict how individual parts and assembled mechanisms behave during operation.
A reference frame establishes the coordinate system used to describe positions and orientations. The same rigid-body motion can therefore be represented differently when viewed from another frame, even though the physical movement is unchanged. Selecting and maintaining an appropriate frame allows engineers to calculate point positions consistently and perform reliable coordinate transformations.
First, define the reference frame and identify the point or body of interest. Next, represent the displacement with a translation vector and the orientation change with a rotation matrix. Combining these quantities produces the updated point position or body configuration. Engineers can then use the result in kinematic models, motion planning, or assembly analysis.
These methods support robotics, mechanical systems, aerospace vehicles, and computer-aided design. In robotics and motion planning, they describe how components move and orient themselves. In mechanical and aerospace analysis, they help represent parts or vehicles during operation. Within computer-aided design, the same framework supports coordinate transformations and the positioning of components in assemblies.
A combined model provides the position of any selected point relative to a reference frame while accounting for both displacement and orientation change. That information helps engineers analyze mechanisms, control moving systems, and anticipate how parts and assemblies behave. The resulting representation also provides a consistent basis for comparing configurations during operation or design.