Schaffer Collateral
Schaffer Collateral - Related Videos
01:27
Sympathetic Pathways: Collateral Ganglia and Adrenal Medulla
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2025
The sympathetic pathways of the collateral ganglia and adrenal medulla serve unique but interconnected roles in the sympathetic response. Collateral Ganglia Sympathetic preganglionic axons reach the collateral ganglia along the route of splanchnic nerves. These nerves bypass the sympathetic trunk and communicate with sympathetic postganglionic neurons housed in the prevertebral ganglia. These ganglia supply the organs of the abdominopelvic cavity. The greater splanchnic nerve, formed by the...
03:41
Measurement of Evoked Potassium Ion Concentration Dynamics in Coronal Hippocampal Slices
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2025
The video demonstrates evoked potassium ion concentration dynamics on electrical stimulation of mouse coronal hippocampal brain slices. A bipolar stimulating electrode is inserted into the stratum radiatum of the CA3 region in the hippocampus, and a potassium-ion selective electrode is placed in the CA1 stratum radiatum. The electrical stimulation causes an action potential, resulting in potassium ion release. Finally, the lack of evoked potassium ion response in the presence of an inhibitory...
03:10
Recording CA3-CA1 Synaptic Responses in a Rat Hippocampal Slice
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2025
This video demonstrates a method to record CA3-CA1 synaptic responses in a rat hippocampal slice. It outlines the steps involved in placing the stimulating and recording electrodes on the hippocampal slice and measuring the field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) to assess synaptic response strength.
04:27
MicroRNA-Mediated Inhibition of Excitatory Postsynaptic Currents in Mouse Hippocampal Slices
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2025
This video demonstrates microRNA-mediated inhibition of excitatory synaptic currents in mouse hippocampal brain slices. The CA3 neurons were infected with a recombinant viral vector harboring a construct for expressing a fluorescent reporter, a light-activated membrane channel, and a microRNA that downregulates the expression of voltage-gated calcium channels. Upon placing a slice in a recording chamber and patching a CA1 neuron with a recording pipette, light pulses were used to stimulate the...
02:58
Generating Local Cornu Ammonis 1 (CA1) Gamma Oscillations Using Tetanic Stimulations in a Hippocampal Brain Slice
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2025
This video demonstrates the procedure of inducing local CA1 gamma oscillations in a CA1 hippocampal mouse brain slice using tetanic simulations. This method is important to understand the neuronal network activity.
FAQs
NMDA receptor activation allows calcium to enter CA1 neurons during appropriate synaptic stimulation. This calcium signal can initiate long-term potentiation, a persistent strengthening of synaptic transmission. As a result, later activity in the same pathway can produce a stronger response, providing an experimentally accessible mechanism for examining how cellular changes may support memory-related circuit function.
The pattern of stimulation helps determine whether synaptic transmission remains relatively stable or becomes strengthened. Repeated or patterned activation can engage NMDA receptors and trigger calcium-dependent long-term potentiation, whereas simple pathway activation does not by itself describe the same lasting change. Researchers therefore use stimulation patterns to probe activity-dependent plasticity in the hippocampal circuit.
Glutamate release provides the excitatory signal that Schaffer collateral fibers deliver to synapses on CA1 dendrites. This arrangement links activity in CA3 pyramidal neurons to postsynaptic responses in CA1 cells and creates a defined site for studying transmission and plasticity. Its excitatory organization is especially useful when investigators examine how synaptic input changes after stimulation.
Its relatively well-defined connectivity makes changes in signal transmission easier to relate to activity flowing between hippocampal regions. By examining how inputs from CA3 influence CA1 responses, investigators can study circuit-level handling of information alongside cellular synaptic mechanisms. This combination connects electrophysiological measurements with broader questions about learning, memory, and hippocampal function.
Investigators examine how activity delivered through the Schaffer collateral pathway affects transmission in CA1. The preparation provides a controlled system for applying defined stimulation patterns and evaluating resulting synaptic changes, including long-term potentiation. Because the connection is well characterized, observed effects can be interpreted in relation to excitatory signaling, plasticity, and hippocampal circuit function.
The pathway is useful when a study asks whether disease-related processes or a candidate compound alter excitatory transmission or synaptic plasticity. Researchers can assess changes in the CA3-to-CA1 connection and determine whether activity-dependent strengthening is affected. These measurements provide cellular evidence that complements broader investigations of neurological dysfunction and potential therapeutic effects.
Electrophysiological experiments can reveal how strongly synaptic input is transmitted to CA1 and whether repeated or patterned stimulation produces lasting strengthening. Such outcomes help distinguish baseline pathway function from activity-dependent plasticity. In neuroscience research, these measurements support analysis of learning and memory mechanisms, hippocampal information processing, and cellular responses to disease-related or therapeutic influences.