Name: abdominal pain and organ location
Uploaded: 2025-05-22T09:05:59.000Z
Duration: 1 min 19 s
Channel: JoVE

K12 Standards

ohios-learning-standards-and-model-curriculum

Ohio’s Learning Standards and Model Curriculum

9-12

Human Anatomy and Physiology

Levels Of Organization

Anatomical Terminology

Abdominal Regions and Quadrants

Per comunicare con precisione la posizione degli organi e del dolore, gli anatomisti dividono la grande cavità addominopelvica in quattro quadranti o nove regioni.
Nel primo approccio, i piani mediano e trasversale si intersecano all'ombelico e formano quattro quadranti, vale a dire, il quadrante superiore destro, il quadrante superiore sinistro, il quadrante inferiore destro e il quadrante inferiore sinistro. 
Ad esempio, la maggior parte dello stomaco si trova nel quadrante superiore sinistro o LUQ.
In alternativa, le regioni addominopelviche possono essere suddivise in una griglia di nove sottoregioni utilizzando due piani parasagittali e due trasversali.
La regione ombelicale si trova tra la regione epigastrica e quella ipogastrica o pubica.
Lateralmente all'ombelicale, le regioni lombari destra e sinistra ospitano rispettivamente il colon ascendente e quello discendente.
Il fegato occupa le regioni ipocondriache ed epigastriche destre, mentre la milza occupa la regione ipocondriaca sinistra.
Allo stesso modo, le regioni inguinale o iliaca destra e sinistra sono laterali alla regione ipogastrica.

regioni e quadranti addominali

Per favorire una comunicazione chiara, per esempio, sulla posizione del dolore addominale di un paziente o di una massa sospetta, gli anatomisti e i clinici utilizzano tipicamente linee immaginarie per classificare la cavit? addominopelvica in quattro quadranti o nove regioni per identificare gli organi presenti in essa. L'approccio pi? semplice dei quadranti, che ? il pi? comunemente utilizzato in medicina, suddivide la cavit? con una linea orizzontale e una linea verticale che si intersecano all'ombelico del paziente. I quattro quadranti sono il quadrante superiore destro (QSD), il quadrante inferiore destro (QID), il quadrante superiore sinistro (QSS) e il quadrante inferiore sinistro (QIS). Il QSS ospita lo stomaco, la milza, il pancreas e le parti sinistre del rene sinistro, del fegato, del colon e dell'intestino tenue, mentre il QSD contiene la cistifellea e le parti destre del fegato, del rene, dello stomaco, dell'intestino tenue e del colon. Il QIS include l'intestino tenue, l'uretere e gli organi riproduttivi femminili. Tuttavia, l'appendice, l'intestino cieco, alcune parti dell'uretere e gli organi riproduttivi femminili sono presenti nel QID. Un approccio regionale pi? dettagliato suddivide la cavit? con una linea orizzontale immediatamente inferiore alle costole, una immediatamente superiore alla pelvi e due linee verticali disegnate come se fossero lasciate cadere dal punto medio di ciascuna clavicola. Questo metodo utilizza due piani trasversali e due piani parasagittali che si intersecano come una griglia del gioco del tris sull'addome. Si definiscono nove regioni pi? piccole con la regione ombelicale al centro, la regione epigastrica situata superiormente e la regione ipogastrica o pubica inferiormente. La regione ombelicale ? composta dall'ombelico, dall'intestino tenue, dal colon trasverso e dalla base di entrambi i reni. La regione epigastrica contiene lo stomaco, parti del fegato, del pancreas, della milza, del duodeno e delle ghiandole surrenali. Lateralmente all'ombelicale, la regione lombare destra ospita la cistifellea e il colon ascendente, mentre la regione lombare sinistra ospita il colon discendente e il rene sinistro. La regione ipocondriaca destra ? laterale alla regione epigastrica e contiene la parte destra del fegato, il rene destro e la cistifellea. La milza, il rene sinistro, parte dello stomaco, il pancreas e il colon occupano la regione ipocondriaca sinistra. La regione ipogastrica comprende la vescica, il colon sigmoideo, l'ano, l'utero e le ovaie nelle femmine e la prostata nei maschi. Le regioni inguinali o iliache destra e sinistra sono laterali alla regione ipogastrica. La regione iliaca destra contiene l'appendice, la fossa iliaca destra e il cieco. La regione iliaca sinistra ha il colon discendente e sigmoideo e la fossa iliaca sinistra. Rilevanza clinica: I quadranti e le regioni vengono utilizzati per individuare la fonte del dolore e aiutare a determinare il trattamento appropriato. Ad esempio, il dolore nella regione QSS indica calcoli renali, malattie infiammatorie o irritazioni intestinali e cisti ovariche. Il dolore nella regione QID suggerisce la malattia di Crohn, l'endometriosi e l'ernia inguinale, mentre il dolore nella regione QIS ? un sintomo di malattie infiammatorie pelviche. Il dolore nella regione QSD ? comune nel reflusso gastrico o nella pancreatite, mentre il dolore iliaco destro ? generalmente associato all'appendicite. Questo testo ? tratto da <a href="https://openstax.org/books/anatomy-and-physiology-2e/pages/1-6-anatomical-terminology">Openstax, Anatomy and Physiology 2e, Section 1.6:Anatomical terminology</a>

Regioni e Quadranti Addominali

Per promuovere una comunicazione chiara, ad esempio, sulla posizione del dolore addominale di un paziente o di una massa sospetta, anatomisti e medici ...

Education

Didattica

JoVE Core

Anatomy and Physiology

Anatomia e Fisiologia

Unit 1

Unità 1

Introduction to the Human Body

Introduzione al corpo umano

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

TERMINI E CONCETTI CHIAVE

abdominal pain and organ location

The abdominal cavity is divided into quadrants and regions to help locate organs and describe pain clearly. Clinicians and anatomists use imaginary lines to mark the abdominopelvic cavity. This system makes it easier to communicate about a patient’s symptoms or a suspicious mass.

The simpler method divides the area into four quadrants. One horizontal line and one vertical line cross at the umbilicus, or navel. These quadrants are the right upper quadrant, right lower quadrant, left upper quadrant, and left lower quadrant.

The left upper quadrant contains the stomach, spleen, pancreas, and the left parts of the left kidney, liver, colon, and small intestine. The right upper quadrant contains the gallbladder and the right parts of the liver, kidney, stomach, small intestine, and colon. The left lower quadrant contains the small intestine, the ureter, and the female reproductive organs. The right lower quadrant contains the appendix, the cecum, some parts of the ureter, and female reproductive organs.

A more detailed method divides the cavity into nine regions. It uses one horizontal line just below the ribs, one just above the pelvis, and two vertical lines dropped from the midpoint of each clavicle, or collarbone. These lines form a grid with two transverse planes and two parasagittal planes, like a tic-tac-toe board on the abdomen.

The center region is the umbilical region. It contains the navel, small intestine, transverse colon, and the lower part of both kidneys. Above it is the epigastric region, which contains the stomach, parts of the liver, the pancreas, the spleen, the duodenum, and the adrenal glands.

To the sides of the umbilical region are the right lumbar and left lumbar regions. The right lumbar region holds the gallbladder and the ascending colon. The left lumbar region holds the descending colon and the left kidney. The right hypochondriac region lies beside the epigastric region and contains the right part of the liver, the right kidney, and gallbladder. The left hypochondriac region contains the spleen, left kidney, part of the stomach, the pancreas, and the colon.

The lower middle area is the hypogastric or pubic region. It includes the bladder, sigmoid colon, anus, uterus, ovaries in females, and prostate in males. On each side are the right and left inguinal, or iliac, regions. The right iliac region contains the appendix, the right iliac fossa, and the cecum. The left iliac region contains the descending and sigmoid colon and the left iliac fossa.

These quadrants and regions help identify where pain starts and guide treatment. Pain in the left upper quadrant may point to kidney stones, inflammatory or irritable bowel disease, or ovarian cysts. Pain in the right lower quadrant can suggest Crohn’s disease, endometriosis, or an inguinal hernia. Left lower quadrant pain may be a sign of pelvic inflammatory disease, while right upper quadrant pain is common in gastric reflux or pancreatitis. Right iliac pain is generally associated with appendicitis.

Abdominal Pain and Organ Location

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structural organization of the human body: an overview

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Homeostasis and Negative Feedback

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negative and positive feedback

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anatomical terminology

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anatomical positions

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directional terms

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body planes

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anatomical movements

Body Joint Motion Terms

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abdominal regions and quadrants

The abdominal cavity is divided into quadrants and regions to help locate organs and describe pain clearly. Clinicians and anatomists use imaginary lines to mark the abdominopelvic cavity. This system makes it easier to communicate about a patient’s symptoms or a suspicious mass. The simpler method divides the area into four quadrants. One horizontal line and one vertical line cross at the umbilicus, or navel. These quadrants are the right upper quadrant, right lower quadrant, left upper...

key terms and concepts

Learn how abdominal quadrants and nine regions help identify organs, describe pain, and connect symptoms to common conditions in the abdomen.

Abdominal Pain and Organ Location | JoVE K12

anatomy and physiology

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Abdominal Pain and Organ Location

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