Name: verrucomicrobiota cell structure and traits
Uploaded: 2025-06-05T06:42:28.000Z
Duration: 1 min 26 s
Channel: JoVE

Il phylum Verrucomicrobiota è classificato in quattro ordini, con la maggior parte delle specie classificate nell'ordine Verrucomicrobiales.Le specie di questo phylum sono batteri obblighi, o facoltativamente aerobici, ampiamente distribuiti in vari ambienti, tra cui acqua dolce, habitat marini, suoli forestali e terreni agricoli.Le specie di Verrucomicrobiota contribuiscono al ciclo del carbonio. Molte specie fermentano gli zuccheri, mentre i metanotrofi aerobici come il genere Methylacidiphilum ossidano il metano.È interessante notare che le specie in Verrucomicrobiota possiedono estensioni citoplasmatiche legate alla membrana chiamate protesi. Queste appendici sono supportate dal peptidoglicano nelle loro pareti cellulari.I generi Verrucomicrobium e Prosthecobacter sono noti per la produzione di protesi multiple su ciascuna cellula.Subiscono una divisione cellulare simmetrica, con il risultato che sia le cellule madri che quelle figlie possiedono protesi al momento della divisione.Le specie di Prosthecobacter hanno due geni che mostrano una significativa omologia con i geni che codificano per la tubulina nelle cellule eucariotiche. Ma la loro funzione rimane poco chiara, poiché in questi batteri non è stato osservato alcun citoscheletro simile all'eucariote.

phylum batterico: verrucomicrobia

Bacterial Phylum Verrucomicrobiota

Il phylum Verrucomicrobiota comprende almeno quattro ordini caratterizzati, con la maggior parte delle specie classificate nell&#8217;ordine dei Verrucomicrobiotales. I membri di questo phylum sono aerobi o facoltativamente aerobi e possiedono la capacit&#224; di fermentare gli zuccheri. Un&#8217;eccezione degna di nota &#232; rappresentata dal genere Methylacidiphilum, composto da metanotrofi aerobi. Inoltre, alcuni Verrucomicrobiota stabiliscono relazioni simbiotiche con i protisti. Questi batteri sono ampiamente distribuiti in vari ambienti, tra cui acque dolci, habitat marini, suoli forestali e terreni agricoli.
Come i Planctomycetes, anche i Verrucomicrobiota possiedono strutture intracellulari delimitate da membrane. Tuttavia, una caratteristica distintiva dei Verrucomicrobiota &#232; la presenza di estensioni citoplasmatiche chiamate prosthecae. Questi prolungamenti sono sostenuti da peptidoglicano nelle pareti cellulari, il che li distingue dai Planctomycetes.
I generi Verrucomicrobium e Prosthecobacter sono noti per la produzione di pi&#249; prostheca per cellula. A differenza di Caulobacter, che sviluppa una sola prostheca e rilascia cellule flagellate (swarmer) prive di prostheca, Verrucomicrobium e Prosthecobacter si dividono simmetricamente, producendo cellule madri e figlie entrambe dotate di prostheca al momento della divisione. Il nome Verrucomicrobium deriva dal greco e significa "verrucoso", descrivendo in modo appropriato l&#8217;aspetto di Verrucomicrobium spinosum, caratterizzato da molteplici prostheca sporgenti.
Una caratteristica straordinaria delle specie di Prosthecobacter &#232; la presenza di due geni che mostrano una forte somiglianza con i geni che codificano per la tubulina nelle cellule eucariotiche. La tubulina &#232; la proteina principale che costituisce il citoscheletro degli eucarioti. Sebbene la proteina batterica di divisione cellulare FtsZ sia anch&#8217;essa un omologo della tubulina, le proteine simili alla tubulina presenti in Prosthecobacter mostrano una maggiore somiglianza strutturale con la tubulina eucariotica. Nonostante tale somiglianza, la funzione di queste proteine in Prosthecobacter rimane incerta, poich&#233; in questi batteri non &#232; stato osservato alcun citoscheletro simile a quello eucariotico.

Phylum batterico: Verrucomicrobia

Il phylum Verrucomicrobiota comprende almeno quattro ordini caratterizzati, con la maggior parte delle specie classificate nell&#8217;ordine dei ...

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verrucomicrobiota cell structure and traits

Verrucomicrobiota are a bacterial phylum with several recognized orders, and most species belong to Verrucomicrobiotales. Many members are aerobic or facultatively aerobic, which means they can use oxygen but may also grow without it. They can also ferment sugars. One exception is the genus Methylacidiphilum, which contains aerobic methanotrophs, bacteria that use methane and oxygen.

These bacteria live in many different places. They are found in freshwater, marine habitats, forest soils, and agricultural land. Some Verrucomicrobiota also form symbiotic relationships with protists, which are single-celled eukaryotes.

Verrucomicrobiota have membrane-bound internal structures, similar to Planctomycetes. They also have cytoplasmic extensions called prosthecae. These appendages are supported by peptidoglycan in the cell wall, which helps distinguish them from Planctomycetes. The genera Verrucomicrobium and Prosthecobacter are known for having multiple prosthecae on each cell.

Their cell division is also unusual. Unlike Caulobacter, which forms a single prostheca and releases flagellated swarmer cells without prosthecae, Verrucomicrobium and Prosthecobacter divide symmetrically. This means both the mother cell and the daughter cell have prosthecae at the time of division. The name Verrucomicrobium comes from a Greek word meaning &quot;warty,&quot; which matches the look of Verrucomicrobium spinosum and its many protruding prosthecae.

Prosthecobacter species are especially notable because they carry two genes that are very similar to genes for eukaryotic tubulin. Tubulin is the main protein that forms the eukaryotic cytoskeleton. Bacteria also have FtsZ, another tubulin homolog involved in cell division. However, the Prosthecobacter proteins are even more similar in structure to eukaryotic tubulin, and their function is still unclear. No eukaryotic-like cytoskeleton has been seen in these bacteria.

Verrucomicrobiota Cell Structure and Traits

verrucomicrobiota-cell-structure-and-traits

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key terms and concepts

Explore Verrucomicrobiota cell features, prosthecae, habitat diversity, symbiosis with protists, and the unusual tubulin-like genes in Prosthecobacter.

Verrucomicrobiota Cell Structure and Traits | JoVE K12

JoVE Core Microbiology provides an engaging introduction to the microbial world and its influence on health, industry, and the environment. This comprehensive collection covers key concepts such as microbial structure, metabolism, genetics, and ecology. It introduces essential laboratory techniques and microscopy methods through visually engaging animations. Corresponding scientist-in-action videos bridge classroom concepts with real-world research and applications.

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Verrucomicrobiota Cell Structure and Traits

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