Model Protein Antigen
Model Protein Antigen - Related Videos
06:57
Development of an Antigen-driven Colitis Model to Study Presentation of Antigens by Antigen Presenting Cells to T Cells
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Cited by 9 •
2016
In this antigen-driven colitis model, OT-II CD4+ T cells expressing a red fluorescent protein were adoptively transferred into RAG-/- mice that express a green fluorescent protein in mononuclear phagocytes (MPs). The hosts were challenged with Escherichia coli (E.coli) expressing the ovalbumin protein (OVA) fused to a cyan fluorescent protein (CFP).
04:46
Synthesis of Nanodisc-Stabilized Membrane Protein Antigens Using a Cell-Free System
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2025
Source: Gilmore, S. F., et al. Cell-Free Scaled Production and Adjuvant Addition to a Recombinant Major Outer Membrane Protein from Chlamydia muridarum for Vaccine Development. J. Vis. Exp. (2022)This video demonstrates the cell-free synthesis of nanodisc-stabilized membrane protein antigens using a dual-compartment system. The device maintains optimal conditions for efficient protein synthesis, proper folding, and stable integration into nanodiscs.
03:13
Immunostaining to Visualize Viral Antigen and Host Protein Colocalization in the Insect Gut
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2026
Source: Zhang, L., et al. Immunofluorescent Labeling of Plant Virus and Insect Vector Proteins in Hemipteran Guts. J. Vis. Exp. (2021)The video demonstrates the preparation of gut tissue from a plant virus–infected insect vector for fluorescence imaging. Fixed guts were washed, permeabilized, and incubated with two fluorescent antibodies in a blocking solution—one targeting a viral antigen in vesicles, the other a vesicle-associated membrane protein. The tissue was counterstained for actin...
07:05
In Vivo Assay for Detection of Antigen-specific T-cell Cytolytic Function Using a Vaccination Model
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Cited by 4 •
2017
The goal of this protocol is to allow for detection of in vivo antigen-specific killing of a target cell in a murine model.
05:04
Viral Antigen Microarray Assay to Detect Antibody Isotypes in Serum Against Viral Antigen
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2025
In this video, we demonstrate the process for detecting antibody isotypes in multiple human serum samples using a microarray slide printed with antigenic subtypes of influenza virus strains.
FAQs
Processing determines which protein fragments become available for immune recognition. Antigen-presenting cells take up the protein and break it into fragments, some of which can associate with major histocompatibility complex molecules for display to T-cell receptors. Consequently, the processing pathway helps shape whether the experimental readout reflects cellular recognition of presented fragments rather than responses to the intact protein.
Major histocompatibility complex molecules display selected protein fragments on the surface of antigen-presenting cells, creating a recognition platform for T-cell receptors. This interaction connects intracellular antigen handling with T-cell activation and allows researchers to examine presentation as a distinct stage of immunity. Changes in the displayed fragments or their presentation can therefore influence the measured cellular response.
Antibodies and B-cell receptors can interact with intact antigenic structures or with processed epitopes, whereas T-cell recognition is examined through fragments displayed by major histocompatibility complex molecules. This distinction lets investigators compare recognition of the protein itself with recognition that depends on cellular uptake and processing. The comparison is useful for studying antibody specificity alongside cellular immunity.
A study can begin by exposing antigen-presenting cells to the protein under controlled conditions, then examining uptake, processing, and display of protein fragments by major histocompatibility complex molecules. Researchers can assess subsequent T-cell recognition or separately examine interactions with antibodies and B-cell receptors. Organizing the workflow around these stages helps connect molecular handling with immune-cell activation.
These experiments can reveal how antigen-presenting cells handle a protein, which processing and presentation events support T-cell recognition, and how specifically antibodies or B-cell receptors interact with antigenic structures. The resulting observations help separate antigen processing, cellular activation, and antibody specificity as related but distinguishable immune phenomena. Controlled conditions make comparisons between responses more interpretable.
Their well-characterized nature provides a controlled system for examining immune mechanisms that are relevant to vaccine design and host-pathogen interactions. Investigators can focus on antigen processing, presentation, immune-cell activation, or antibody specificity without treating these processes as a single measurement. The same systems also support immunological assays, making them useful across both mechanistic biology and applied immunology.