Neuromonitoring
Neuromonitoring - Related Videos
14:58
Comprehensive Endovascular and Open Surgical Management of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations
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Cited by 4 •
2017
Surgery is the gold standard for accessible arteriovenious malformations (AVMs), and pre-operative embolization can simplify this procedure. We describe our approach for staged endovascular embolization and open resection of AVMs, and provide a representative clinical example highlighting the advantages of a comprehensively trained neurovascular surgeon leading a multi-disciplinary clinical team.
07:25
Open Surgical Resection of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations
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2025
Source: Rennert, R. C., et al. Comprehensive Endovascular and Open Surgical Management of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations. J. Vis. Exp. (2017).This video demonstrates the open surgical resection of a cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) in a human brain. The procedure involves creating a bone flap, accessing the subarachnoid space, identifying and occluding feeding arteries and draining veins, and carefully removing the AVM. Intraoperative angiography confirms complete resection,...
FAQs
Baseline comparison turns serial measurements into evidence of change. Clinicians first establish or use a reference measurement, then assess later EEG, pressure, evoked-potential, or cerebral-oxygenation values against it. A departure from that reference can signal abnormal neural activity or impaired perfusion, allowing interpretation to focus on evolving dysfunction rather than on an isolated reading.
Neuromonitoring combines complementary signal types rather than relying on one universal measurement. EEG can reveal abnormal electrical activity, while intracranial-pressure measurements address pressure-related changes and cerebral-oxygenation measurements address hemodynamic status. Evoked potentials add another electrical measure for assessment. Selecting or combining these readouts helps align monitoring with the physiological question being investigated.
The value of time-sensitive monitoring lies in recognizing deterioration while it is evolving. Repeated measurements can expose a new seizure pattern, a rise associated with intracranial pressure, or a change suggesting reduced cerebral oxygenation. Earlier recognition gives clinicians information for treatment selection and clinical decisions, while also supporting efforts to protect vulnerable neural tissue.
The process links signal acquisition to trend interpretation and action. Measurements are recorded continuously or at repeated intervals, checked against baseline values, and reviewed for abnormal activity or impaired perfusion. The resulting information can guide diagnosis, treatment selection, anesthesia management, or surgical decisions, rather than serving only as a retrospective record.
Clinical uses include seizure detection, assessment of brain injury, anesthesia and surgical guidance, and evaluation of coma or neurocritical illness. The relevant signal depends on the concern: electrical recordings can identify abnormal activity, whereas pressure or oxygenation measurements can reveal other physiological changes. This flexibility makes the approach useful across multiple forms of acute neurological care.
In neuroscience, these recordings connect measurable physiological signals with changing nervous-system function. Comparing signals with baseline values helps investigators and clinicians characterize abnormal activity, impaired perfusion, and evolving dysfunction over time. The same framework supports research on brain function while providing clinically actionable information in settings where neurological status may change rapidly.