Mass Extinction

There have been times in Earth's history when many species disappeared permanently. These events are called mass extinctions.

It occurs when many species die out in a short period due to extreme environmental changes.

Scientists have identified five major mass extinctions in Earth's history caused by volcanic eruptions, asteroid impacts, and rapid climate shifts.

However, unlike natural disasters, the biggest threat of mass extinction currently comes from human activities.

One such threat is pollution. Harmful chemicals from industries contaminate water, air, and soil, making survival difficult for many species. For example, pesticides nearly wiped out the peregrine falcons by thinning their eggshells.

Another major issue is global warming. Rising temperatures are altering habitats, melting polar ice, and threatening species that can't adapt. For instance, coral reefs, which support thousands of marine species, are dying due to warming, acidic oceans.

Lastly, human overpopulation is worsening the crisis. As forests are cleared for cities and agriculture, countless species lose their homes.