Name: wheatstone bridge output for strain gauge design
Uploaded: 2024-04-11T12:48:31.000Z
Duration: 1 min 15 s
Channel: JoVE

K12 Standards

Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills

High School

Biology

BIO.2

BIO.2.D

design-example-strain-gauge-bridge-or-wheatstone-bridge

Design Example: Strain Gauge Bridge or Wheatstone Bridge

ひずみゲージは、機械的なひずみを電気信号に変換するトランスデューサで、力の測定によく使用されます。
エンジニアの役割には、ホイートストンブリッジ回路の設計、各アームにひずみゲージの取り付け、出力電圧に必要な増幅の特定が含まれます。ここでは、加えられた力によって2つのひずみゲージの抵抗が増加し、他の2つのひずみゲージの抵抗が減少すると仮定します。また、ブリッジの出力電圧と抵抗の変化との関係もわかっています。
これは、テブナンの定理を使用して達成できます。
入力電圧がわかっていると、最初に上部と下部の分岐の電流が決定されます。次に、これらの値をオームの法則に代入して、テブナン電圧を計算します。
テブナン抵抗を計算するためにソースが除去され、等価抵抗が簡略化された形式で決定されます。
テブナン等価回路から、ブリッジ出力電圧は分圧法則を使用して計算されます。
得られた関係を既知の関係と比較することで、回路が所望の範囲内で動作するように設計するために必要なアンプのゲインを決定することができます。

ひずみゲージ橋

機械的ひずみを電気信号に変換するトランスデューサとしてひずみゲージを使用することは、さまざまな工学用途で一般的に行われています。これらのひずみゲージは、力や圧力などのパラメータを正確に測定するためにホイートストン ブリッジ回路に組み込まれることがよくあります。これに関連して、回路内の各要素は機械的歪みを受けると微妙な変化を受ける抵抗を示します。主な目的は、小さな電圧出力のわずかな変動を、電圧計を使用して簡単に読み取ることができる、より識別可能な電圧出力に変換することです。

エンジニアの責任には、ひずみゲージの設計を作成し、抵抗の変化を正確に反映するために必要な増幅を決定することが含まれます。これは、ブリッジ回路の出力電圧と抵抗の変化との間の関係を確立するテブナンの定理の適用に依存しています。

この手順は、テブナン電圧を計算することから始まります。これには、回路の上部と下部の両方の分岐内の電流を最初に決定する必要があります。その結果、これらの計算された電流値がオームの法則に代入されて、テブナン電圧が導出されます。同時に、テブナン抵抗は、簡略化された構成で電圧源を取り除くことによって決定されます。

テブナンの等価回路は、分圧則を通じてブリッジの出力電圧を求めます。この解析の重要な結果により、指定された動作範囲内で効果的に動作する回路を設計するために必要なアンプのゲインを正確に決定できるようになります。

ひずみゲージは、機械的なひずみを電気信号に変換するトランスデューサで、力の測定によく使用されます。
エンジニアの役割には、次のようなものがあります。

Education

JoVE Core

Electrical Engineering

電気工学

Unit 1

ユニット1

DC Circuit Analysis

直流回路解析

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

主要用語および概念

wheatstone bridge output for strain gauge design

A strain gauge and Wheatstone bridge work together to turn mechanical strain into an electrical signal. In engineering, this setup is often used to measure force or pressure. Each part of the bridge has a resistance that changes slightly when strain is applied.

The main goal is to turn a very small voltage output into a larger, easier-to-read signal. A voltmeter can then measure that output more clearly. To do this, an engineer designs the strain gauge circuit and figures out how much amplification is needed so the resistance change is shown accurately.

The analysis uses Thevenin's theorem, which links the bridge output voltage to changes in resistance. First, the Thevenin voltage is found by calculating the currents in the upper and lower branches of the circuit. Those currents are then used with Ohm's law to determine the voltage.

Next, the Thevenin resistance is found by removing the voltage source and simplifying the circuit. The Thevenin equivalent circuit is then used with the voltage division rule to find the bridge output voltage. This result helps determine the amplifier gain needed for the circuit to work in the correct operating range.

Wheatstone Bridge Output for Strain Gauge Design

wheatstone-bridge-output-for-strain-gauge-design

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design example: strain gauge bridge or wheatstone bridge

A strain gauge and Wheatstone bridge work together to turn mechanical strain into an electrical signal. In engineering, this setup is often used to measure force or pressure. Each part of the bridge has a resistance that changes slightly when strain is applied. The main goal is to turn a very small voltage output into a larger, easier-to-read signal. A voltmeter can then measure that output more clearly. To do this, an engineer designs the strain gauge circuit and figures out how much...

key terms and concepts

Learn how a strain gauge and Wheatstone bridge convert strain into voltage, and how Thevenin's theorem helps find the amplifier gain needed.

Wheatstone Bridge Output for Strain Gauge Design | JoVE K12

JoVE Core 電気工学 は、電気回路の基本概念と回路解析テクニックを網羅したアニメーションビデオシリーズです。オペアンプと回路変換および 1 次・ 2 次回路の概念を網羅しています。実験を撮影した実写動画では、設計例や現代社会での応用が含まれており、複雑な概念も分かりやすく学習いただけます。

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Wheatstone Bridge Output for Strain Gauge Design

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