Ph-sensitive Release
Ph-sensitive Release - Related Videos
08:39
Magnetic and Thermal-sensitive Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-based Microgels for Magnetically Triggered Controlled Release
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Cited by 9 •
2017
This manuscript describes the preparation of magnetic and thermal-sensitive microgels via a temperature-induced emulsion without chemical reaction. These sensitive microgels were synthesized by mixing poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm), polyethylenimine (PEI) and Fe3O4-NH2 nanoparticles for the potential use in magnetically and thermally triggered drug-release.
01:28
Energy-releasing Steps of Glycolysis
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2019
Glycolysis is divided into two phases based on whether energy is utilized or released. While the first phase consumes ATP, the second phase produces energy in the form of ATP and NADH. The energy is released over a sequence of reactions that turns G3P into pyruvate. The energy-releasing phase—steps 6-10 of glycolysis—occurs twice, once for each of the two 3-carbon sugars produced during steps 1-5 of the first phase. The first energy-releasing step—the 6th step of glycolysis —consists of two...
10:30
Dye-sensitized Solar Cells
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2023
Source: Tamara M. Powers, Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University Today's modern world requires the use of a large amount of energy. While we harness energy from fossil fuels such as coal and oil, these sources are nonrenewable and thus the supply is limited. To maintain our global lifestyle, we must extract energy from renewable sources. The most promising renewable source, in terms of abundance, is the sun, which provides us with more than enough solar energy to fully fuel our...
01:22
Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Drug Release Characteristics
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2026
Drug release from modified-release dosage forms is designed to achieve specific therapeutic effects by controlling the rate and extent of drug release. The classification of these drug release systems is based on key pharmacokinetic assumptions: drug disposition follows first-order kinetics, drug release is the rate-limiting step in absorption, and the released drug is rapidly and completely absorbed.There are four major models of drug release patterns. The first model is the slow zero-order...
01:25
Inhibitors Of Virion Release
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2026
Viral replication and dissemination rely on efficient mechanisms for host cell entry, genome replication, assembly, and release. Influenza viruses, such as types A and B, are negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses with a segmented genome, that depend on two critical surface glycoproteins to carry out these processes: hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). HA initiates infection by binding to sialic acid residues on the surface of host epithelial cells, facilitating receptor-mediated...
FAQs
Release depends on how the carrier responds when its surrounding pH changes. Ionizable polymers can alter their charge, while hydrogels may swell and other materials may change solubility or degrade. These responses modify the carrier’s structure or stability, determining when the therapeutic compound becomes available and helping connect release behavior with a selected biological environment.
These material properties provide different mechanisms for responding to acidity or alkalinity. A charge change can alter interactions within the carrier, swelling can open or expand the structure, solubility changes can make the material dissolve, and degradation can remove the barrier surrounding the compound. Together, they determine how strongly and when local pH affects release.
The system responds to differences in the surrounding pH rather than relying on one uniform biological environment. A formulation can be designed to remain protective under stomach conditions and promote release after reaching the intestine. Similarly, a distinct pH associated with diseased tissue may provide a local trigger, supporting delivery where treatment is needed.
The relevant pH determines whether the carrier remains stable, changes its charge, swells, dissolves, or degrades. Design therefore links the intended release site or time with the environmental acidity or alkalinity expected there. This relationship is important because an unsuitable pH response could release the compound before it reaches the selected location.
Development may use ionizable polymers, hydrogels, or coated particles, depending on how the compound should be protected and released. The material must provide a pH-responsive change that matches the intended delivery setting. In clinical research, these choices are relevant for preserving acid-labile compounds, supporting intestinal release, or responding to diseased-tissue environments.
A pH-responsive formulation can help shield an acid-labile therapeutic compound while it encounters acidic stomach conditions. The system is designed to maintain protection there and promote release later in the intestine, where the surrounding pH differs. This approach may improve delivery of the active compound to the intended region instead of exposing it prematurely.
Researchers may consider this strategy when diseased tissue has a distinct pH that differs from nearby healthy tissue. A responsive carrier can use that environmental difference as a release trigger, potentially concentrating drug availability at the disease site. The intended benefit is greater spatial control of dosing, with the possibility of reducing unwanted exposure in healthy tissues.
The approach can provide greater spatial and temporal control over dosing by linking drug availability to a local pH condition. Depending on the formulation, it may protect a compound, release it in the intestine, or respond to diseased tissue. These outcomes may enhance treatment effectiveness while reducing unnecessary exposure of healthy tissues to the therapeutic agent.