Name: atp hydrolysis and energy release
Uploaded: 2020-11-23T11:47:33.000Z
Duration: 1 min 8 s
Channel: JoVE

아데노신 3인산(ATP) 분자는세포에 사용될 에너지를 저장한다그것은 아데닌 염기리보오스 당 및 3개의 인산기로 구성되는데후자는 고에너지 포스포무수물결합을 통하여 서로 붙어 있다이 결합은물의 추가로 깨질 수도 있는데하나 혹은 두 개의 인산기를 방출하는데그 방출 과정을 가수 분해라고 한다이 행위는 결합에서 에너지를 방출하는데세포에서 이용된다, 이를테면아미노산으로 단백질을 합성할 때처럼한 인산기가 제거되면아데노신 2인산(ADP) 분자가무기질 인과 함께 남는다ADP는 두 번째 인산기의 제거로아데노신 1인산(AMP)으로더 가수 분해될 수 있다

다케다, 타카아키, 미야자키 시호, 고바야시 미키, 니시노 카츠토시, 고토 토모코, 마츠나가 마유, 오오이 미나미 등 "아연 결핍은 쥐와 세포 배양 모델에서 지연된 ATP 제거 및 아데노신 생성을 유발한다." Communications Biology 1, no. 1 (2018년 8월 22일): 113. [<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211019032635/https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-018-0118-3" target="__blank">소스</a>]

atp의 가수분해

Hydrolysis of ATP

아데노신삼인산(adenosine triphosphate, 줄여서 ATP)의 결합은 물을 첨가하여 분해될 수 있으며, 가수분해(hydrolysis)라고 불리는 에너지방출성(exergonic) 과정을 통해 하나 또는 두 개의 인산(phosphate)을 방출할 수 있습니다. 이 반응은 결합에 있는 에너지를 사용하기위해 (예: 아미노산에서 단백질을 합성하기 위해) 결합을 깨며 에너지를 방출시킵니다.
 
 하나의 인산이 제거되면 무기 인산과 함께 아데노신이인산(adenosine diphosphate, 줄여서 ADP)이 생성됩니다. ADP가 가수분해되어 두번째 인산기(phosphate group)가 제거되면 아데노신일인산(adenosine monophosphate, 줄여서 AMP)이 생성됩니다.
 
 <h4>ATP의 구조</h4>
 
 ATP는 아데닌 염기(adenine base), 리보스(ribose) 당, 3개의 인산기로 구성되어 있으며, 인산기는 에너지가 높은 인산안하이드라이드 결합(phosphoanhydride bond)을 통해 서로에게 부착되어 있습니다.

ATP의 가수분해

아데노신 삼인산(ATP)의 결합은 물을 첨가하여 깨질 수 있으며, 엑세르고닉 과정에서 하나 또는 두 개의 인산기를 방출할 수 있습니다.

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JoVE Core

Molecular Biology

분자생물학

Unit 1

제1단원

Biochemistry of the Cell

세포 생화학

KEY TERMS AND CONCEPTS

주요 용어 및 개념

atp hydrolysis and energy release

ATP hydrolysis is a key chemical reaction in cells that releases energy. ATP, or adenosine triphosphate, is the molecule cells use to store and transfer energy for many processes.

During hydrolysis, water breaks the bond in ATP’s terminal phosphate group. This reaction converts ATP into ADP, or adenosine diphosphate, and inorganic phosphate. The released energy can then be used to drive cellular work.

High school biology students often see ATP hydrolysis as part of energy transfer in living systems. It helps explain how cells power movement, transport, and other activities that require energy.

ATP Hydrolysis and Energy Release

the periodic table and organismal elements

the-periodic-table-and-organismal-elements

Element Groups in Living Things

Living things are built from elements found on the periodic table. This page focuses on the elements that make up organisms and how they are grouped in biology. These organismal elements are usually divided into major, minor, and trace categories. Major elements make up most of the mass of living matter. Minor elements are needed in smaller amounts. Trace elements are present in very small amounts but still play important roles. The periodic table helps show where these elements fit and how...

functional groups

Functional Groups in Organic Molecules

Functional groups are the parts of organic molecules that give them specific chemical behavior. They help determine how a compound reacts and what properties it has. In organic chemistry, these groups are used to classify molecules in a clear way. Hydrocarbons are one common class of organic compounds. They contain only carbon and hydrogen. Alcohols, aldehydes, and ketones are other classes that are identified by their functional groups. These groups make each class behave differently from the...

polymers

Polymer Structures and Uses

Polymers are large molecules built from repeating smaller units called monomers. Their long-chain structure gives them many different properties and makes them useful in everyday materials. Polymers can form in two main ways. In addition polymerization, monomers join together without losing any atoms. In condensation polymerization, monomers link while a small molecule is released. These two pathways help explain how many common plastics and related materials are made. The structure of a...

what are lipids?

Lipids in Cells: Fats and Membranes

Lipids are a group of biomolecules found in living things. They are known for their role in energy storage and in building cell membranes. This makes them important in many parts of biology. Fats are one common type of lipid. Other lipids include phospholipids and steroids. Each group has a different structure and a different job in the body. Phospholipids are especially important because they help form cell membranes. Steroids also belong to the lipid group, and they have their own distinct...

structure of lipids

Types of Lipids and Their Structure

Lipids are a major group of biological molecules, and their structure helps explain their different forms. Many lipids are built from fatty acids, which are long hydrocarbon chains with a carboxyl group. The carbon chain is hydrophobic, meaning it does not mix well with water, while the carboxyl group is the acidic end. Triglycerides are one common lipid type. They consist of a glycerol molecule joined to three fatty acid chains. Saturated triglycerides have fatty acids with only single...

chemistry of carbohydrates

Carbohydrate Structures and Types

Carbohydrates are biomolecules built from carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Their chemistry helps explain how simple sugars join together and how larger carbohydrate molecules form. The smallest carbohydrates are monosaccharides, or single sugar units. These can link to make disaccharides, which contain two sugar units, and polysaccharides, which are long chains of many sugar units. Carbohydrates play an important role in biology because they are part of the structures and processes found in...

nucleic acids

Nucleic Acids and Genetic Information

Nucleic acids carry genetic information in cells. They include DNA and RNA, which are made from nucleotide building blocks. These molecules store, copy, and help use the instructions needed for life. DNA is the main long-term storage molecule for genetic information. RNA helps carry and use that information in cells. Together, these nucleic acids connect the code in a cell to the proteins it can make.

intermolecular forces

Forces Between Molecules

Forces between molecules help explain why matter behaves the way it does. These intermolecular attractions act between separate molecules, not within a single molecule. They are often much weaker than the bonds that hold atoms together inside a molecule, but they still affect many properties of liquids and solids. Several common types of intermolecular forces are covered in this topic. These include dipole-dipole forces, hydrogen bonding, ion-dipole forces, and van der Waals forces. Van der...

noncovalent attractions in biomolecules

How Biomolecules Hold Their Shape

Biomolecules hold their shape through noncovalent attractions. These interactions occur within and between molecules and help control the structure and stability of complexes. They are different from covalent bonds because they do not involve sharing electrons. Four main noncovalent interactions are important in biology: hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, ionic bonds, and hydrophobic interactions. Hydrogen bonds form when a hydrogen atom is covalently bonded to a strongly electronegative...

pH Scale and Acid-Base Balance

pH measures how acidic or basic an aqueous solution is. It is a key way to describe the balance between acids and bases in water-based solutions. The pH scale shows this balance with low values for acidic solutions and high values for basic solutions. Neutral solutions fall in the middle of the scale. Understanding pH helps explain how different substances behave in water. It also helps compare solutions that are more acidic, more basic, or neutral.

hydrolysis of atp

ATP hydrolysis is a key chemical reaction in cells that releases energy. ATP, or adenosine triphosphate, is the molecule cells use to store and transfer energy for many processes. During hydrolysis, water breaks the bond in ATP’s terminal phosphate group. This reaction converts ATP into ADP, or adenosine diphosphate, and inorganic phosphate. The released energy can then be used to drive cellular work. High school biology students often see ATP hydrolysis as part of energy transfer in living...

key terms and concepts

Learn how ATP hydrolysis uses water to break a phosphate bond, forming ADP and inorganic phosphate while releasing energy for cell work.

ATP Hydrolysis and Energy Release | JoVE K12

molecular biology

JoVE Core 분자생물학은 명확하고 간결한 애니메이션을 통해 분자 단계에서 일어나는 세포 과정을 설명합니다.또한, 과학자가 직접 실험을 진행하는 실사 영상을 통해 분자생물학 개념의 응용 사례를 보여줍니다.

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ATP Hydrolysis and Energy Release

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