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Organic Chemistry

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Amines

Using Acylation to Modify Amines

Description

Amines can be modified by acylation to form amides. In this reaction, a carboxylic acid derivative such as an acid chloride, ester, or anhydride provides the acyl group. The process uses two equivalents of amine, and each one has a different job.

The first amine acts as a nucleophile. It attacks ...

Transcript

๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์นด๋ฅด๋ณต์‹ค์‚ฐ ์œ ๋„์ฒด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์•„๋ฏผ์˜ ์•„์‹คํ™”๋Š” ์•„๋ฏธ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์•„์‹คํ™”(Acylation)๋Š” ์นด๋ฅด๋ณด๋‹ ํƒ„์†Œ์— ๋ถ€์ฐฉ๋œ ์ดํƒˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์•„๋ฏธ๋…ธ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ฒซ์งธ, ์นœํ•ต์„ฑ ์•„๋ฏผ์€ ์นด๋ฅด๋ณด๋‹ ํƒ„์†Œ์— ์ ‘๊ทผํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ๋ฉด์ฒด ์ค‘๊ฐ„์ฒด๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ดํƒˆ๊ธฐ์˜ ํ›„์† ์†์‹ค์€ ์นด๋ฅด๋ณด๋‹ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ์„ ์žฌ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์•„๋ฏผ ๋ถ„์ž๋Š” ๋ธŒ๋ก ์Šคํ…Œ๋“œ ์—ผ๊ธฐ(Bronsted base)๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์–‘์„ฑ์žํ™”๋œ ์•„๋ฏธ๋“œ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ถœํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ ๋ฆฌ ์•„๋ฏธ๋“œ๋กœ ์ค‘ํ™”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์•„์‹คํ™”๋Š” ์•„๋ฏผ์˜ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€๋ฌผ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€๋ฌผ์€ ์นœํ•ต์ฒด๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋“ฑ๊ฐ€๋ฌผ์€ ์—ผ๊ธฐ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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