Method Article

Kwantitatieve en tijdelijke controle van zuurstof Micromilieu bij de Single Islet niveau

DOI:

10.3791/50616

November 17th, 2013

In This Article

Summary

Loading...
$$\rightleftharpoonup{xx}$$ $$\longleftharp{xx}$$, $$\longrightharp{xx}$$,

Microfluidic oxygen control confers more than just convenience and speed over hypoxic chambers for biological experiments. Especially when implemented via diffusion through a membrane, microfluidic oxygen can provide simultaneous liquid and gas phase modulations at the microscale-level. This technique enables dynamic multi-parametric experiments critical for studying islet pathophysiology.

Abstract

Loading...
$$\rightleftharpoonup{xx}$$ $$\longleftharp{xx}$$, $$\longrightharp{xx}$$,

Gelijktijdige zuurstof en controle van de glucose stimulus-secretie koppeling factoren in een enkele techniek is van cruciaal belang voor het modelleren van pathofysiologische staten van eilandje hypoxie, vooral bij transplantatiepatiënten omgevingen. Standaard hypoxische kamer technieken kunnen niet beide stimulaties moduleren tegelijkertijd noch bieden real-time monitoring van glucose stimulus-secretie koppeling factoren. Om deze problemen aan te pakken, pasten wij een meerlagig microfluïdische techniek om zowel waterige als gasfase modulaties integreren via een diffusiemembraan. Dit zorgt voor een stimulatie sandwich rond de microscaled eilandjes binnen de transparante polydimethylsiloxaan (PDMS) apparaat, waardoor monitoring van de genoemde koppeling factoren via fluorescentie microscopie. Bovendien is de gasinvoer gecontroleerd door een paar microdispensers, die kwantitatieve sub minuten modulaties zuurstof tussen 0-21%. Deze intermitterende hypoxie wordt toegepast op een nieuw fenomeen eiland onderzoekent preconditionering. Bovendien, gewapend met multimodale microscopie, waren we in staat om te kijken naar gedetailleerde calcium en K ATP-kanaal dynamiek tijdens deze hypoxie. We zien microfluïdische hypoxie, vooral deze simultane dual fase techniek, als een waardevol instrument bij het ​​bestuderen eilandjes evenals vele ex vivo weefsels.

Introduction

Loading...
$$\rightleftharpoonup{xx}$$ $$\longleftharp{xx}$$, $$\longrightharp{xx}$$,

Dynamische hypoxie is belangrijk in de biologie, specifiek voor transplantaties

Dynamische hypoxie is een belangrijke fysiologische en pathofysiologische parameter in vele biologische weefsels. Wijziging zuurstof, bijvoorbeeld een krachtige ontwikkeling signaal in angiogenese. Bovendien, ruimtelijke en temporele patronen in hypoxie moduleren HIF1-alfa en rollen in ziekten zoals pancreaskanker. Hypoxie is ook een verstorende factor die van invloed eilandje transplantatie uitkomsten. Onlangs, tijdelijk oscillaties van hypoxie, of intermitterende hypoxie (IH) hebben aangetoond voordelen in "conditioneringscycli" eilandjes 1. Echter, ....

Access restricted. Please log in or start a trial to view this content.

Protocol

Loading...
$$\rightleftharpoonup{xx}$$ $$\longleftharp{xx}$$, $$\longrightharp{xx}$$,

1. Preparing the Mouse Islets

  1. Dissect C57BL/6 mice and isolate islets by collagenase digestion and Ficoll density gradient separation. (Refer to JOVE articles referenced in2,3).
  2. Incubate islets in RPMI-1640 medium containing 10% FBS, 1% penicillin/streptomycin, and 20 mM HEPES in Petri dishes (37 °C, 5% CO2). Post-isolation, culture islets for 24 hr prior to use in experiments. Use the islets within 1-2 days to ensure consistent results.

2. Making the Microfluidic Platform

  1. Generate the microstructure geometries on transparency photomasks for each device layer: 1) inlet....

Access restricted. Please log in or start a trial to view this content.

Results

Loading...
$$\rightleftharpoonup{xx}$$ $$\longleftharp{xx}$$, $$\longrightharp{xx}$$,

Central to this islet hypoxia technique is the ability to modulate aqueous and gaseous phase stimulation in the same microfluidic chamber with minute-scale transients. Figure 1 is a representative result of the a) dual stimulations and b) fast modulations measured within the islet chamber. Aqueous modulation, shown by introduction of fluorescein into the chamber, achieves equilibrium in three to four minutes of mixing. Furthermore, oxygen can be stepped from 5-21% with fast transients, enabling cycling o.......

Access restricted. Please log in or start a trial to view this content.

Discussion

Loading...
$$\rightleftharpoonup{xx}$$ $$\longleftharp{xx}$$, $$\longrightharp{xx}$$,

The multiple modalities integrated in this islet hypoxia technique present several points noted here for troubleshooting. First the isolated islets continue to degrade and disintegrate in culture due to digestive enzymes from acinar cells. Standardizing experiments to 1-2 days after islet isolation is thus critical in obtaining consistent results. Second, the aqueous flow was stopped during hypoxia and intermittent hypoxia to prevent convective clearance at the boundary between laminar flow and diffusion. This seems to l.......

Access restricted. Please log in or start a trial to view this content.

Disclosures

Loading...
$$\rightleftharpoonup{xx}$$ $$\longleftharp{xx}$$, $$\longrightharp{xx}$$,

The authors declare that they have no competing financial interests.

Acknowledgements

Loading...
$$\rightleftharpoonup{xx}$$ $$\longleftharp{xx}$$, $$\longrightharp{xx}$$,

This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health Grants R01 DK091526 (JO), NSF 0852416(DTE), and Chicago Diabetes Project.

....

Access restricted. Please log in or start a trial to view this content.

Materials

List of materials used in this article
NameCompanyCatalog NumberComments
Reagent/Material
SpinnerLaurellWS-400
SU8MicroChemSU8-2150/SU8-2100
Digital HotplatePMC Dataplate722A
UV Curing LampOmniCureS1000
PMDSDow ChemicalSylgard 184
Corona WandETPBD-20AC
Vacuum ChamberBel-Art420220000
MicrodispensersThe Lee CompanyIKTX0322000A
5 V and 20 V DC PowerRadio Shack
NI USBNational InstrumentNI USB-6501
ThermometerOmega Engineering, Inc.
Peristaltic PumpGilsonMinipulse 2
Oxygen SensorOcean OpticsNeoFox
Fraction CollectorGilson203
PippetteFisher ScientificFinnpipette II 100μl
Inverted Epifluorescence MicroscopeLeicaDMI 4000B
50 ml Conical TubesFisher Scientific
Fura-2 Fluorescence DyeMolecular Probes, Life Technologies
Rhodamine 123 Fluorescence DyeMolecular Probes, Life Technologies
Culture MediaSigma-AldrichRPMI-1640
HEPESSigma-Aldrich
GlucoseSigma-Aldrich
Bovine Serum AlbuminSigma-Aldrich
30 in Silicone TubingsCole-Parmer1/16 in x 1/8 in
1.5 ml Eppendorf TubesFisher Scientific
Y-connectorsCole-Parmer1/16 in and 4 mm
Syringe ConnectorsCole-Parmerfemale Luer plug 1/16 in
Straight ConnectorsCole-Parmer1/16 in
Elbow ConnectorCole-Parmer1/16 in

References

Loading...
$$\rightleftharpoonup{xx}$$ $$\longleftharp{xx}$$, $$\longrightharp{xx}$$,
  1. Lo, J. F., Wang, Y., et al. Islet Preconditioning via Multimodal Microfluidic Modulation of Intermittent Hypoxia. Anal. Chem. 84 (4), 1987-1993 (2012).
  2. Qi, M., Barbaro, B., Wang, S., Wang, Y., Hansen, M., Oberholzer, J. Human Pancreati....

Access restricted. Please log in or start a trial to view this content.

Reprints and Permissions

Request permission to reuse the text or figures of this JoVE article

Request Permission

Tags

Microfluidic HypoxiaOxygen ModulationIslet IsolationFluorescence MicroscopyPDMS DeviceGas Permeable MembraneCalcium DynamicsKATP ChannelIntermittent HypoxiaGlucose Stimulus

Related Articles