Method Article

Een In-vitro Voorbereiding van Geïsoleerde enterische neuronen en Glia uit de myenterische Plexus van de Adult Mouse

DOI:

10.3791/50688

August 7th, 2013

In This Article

Summary

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We demonstrate a cell culture protocol for the direct study of neuronal and glial components of the enteric nervous system. A neuron/glia mixed culture on coverslips is prepared from the myenteric plexus of adult mouse providing the ability to examine individual neuron and glia function by electrophysiology, immunohistochemical, etc.

Abstract

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Het enterische zenuwstelsel is een uitgebreid netwerk van neuronen en glia in de lengte van het maagdarmkanaal die functioneel controleert motiliteit. Een procedure voor het kweken van een gemengde populatie van neuronen en glia van de myenterische plexus beschreven. De primaire kweken kan worden gehandhaafd gedurende meer dan 7 dagen, met verbindingen te ontwikkelen tussen de neuronen en gliacellen. De longitudinale spier strip met de bijgevoegde myenterische plexus wordt uit de onderliggende kringspier van de muis ileum of colon en onderworpen aan enzymatische digestie. In steriele condities worden de geïsoleerde neuronale en glia bevolking conserven in de volgende pellet centrifugeren en uitgeplaat op dekglaasjes. Binnen 24-48 uur, neurietuitgroei optreedt en neuronen kunnen worden geïdentificeerd door pan-neuronale markers. Na twee dagen in cultuur, geïsoleerde neuronen vuren actiepotentialen zoals waargenomen door de patch clamp studies. Bovendien kan enterische glia ook identified door GFAP kleuring. Een netwerk van neuronen en glia in nauwe appositie vormt binnen 5-7 dagen. Enterische neuronen kan individueel zijn en direct bestudeerd met behulp van methoden zoals immunohistochemie, elektrofysiologie, calcium beeldvorming, en single-cell PCR. Bovendien kan deze procedure worden uitgevoerd in genetisch gemodificeerde dieren. Deze methode is eenvoudig uit te voeren en goedkoop. Kortom, dit protocol onthult de componenten van het enterische zenuwstelsel in een gemakkelijk gemanipuleerde wijze zodat wij beter de functionaliteit van de ENS in normale en ziektetoestanden ontdekken.

Introduction

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Het enterische zenuwstelsel (ENS) is uitgebreid netwerk van zenuwen en glia die de volledige lengte van de gastro-intestinale (GI) stelsel loopt. De ENS controleert functioneel alle aspecten van de spijsvertering, zoals peristaltiek, vocht absorptie / secretie, gevoel van prikkels, enz. (voor een overzicht zie 1). Het bevat meer dan 500 miljoen neuronen, meer dan in het ruggenmerg, en bevat elke klasse neurotransmitter in de hersenen. Bovendien is de ENS uniek omdat het reflex kan functioneren zonder input van het centrale zenuwstelsel 2. Begrip van de ENS cruciaal, niet alleen de normale fysiologische rol te begrijpen, maar anderzijds ....

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Protocol

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All animal care and experimental procedures were in accordance with and approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at Virginia Commonwealth University.

1. Preparation of Sterile Poly-D-Lysine- and Laminin-Coated Glass Coverslips in 24-Well Plates

  1. All procedures for step 1 are performed in sterile conditions; under a hood, and with sterile reagents. Glass coverslips and double deionized water (ddH2O) should be sterilized in advance. Preparation of plates can be done up to two weeks before neuron isolation.
  2. Under the hood, use sterile forceps to place autoclaved glass coverslips in 12 wells of....

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Results

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Immediately following isolation of LMMP-derived cells, neurons and other cell types will not be readily evident. Living, round cells of indistinct phenotype can be seen as well as tissue detritus from incompletely digested tissue fragments and connective tissue. This flotsam is of no concern and will be largely removed with the first media change in two days. Do not attempt to clean the slides before this as the healthy, viable cells will be removed as well.

After one day in culture, neurons w.......

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Discussion

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Animals Used

This protocol has been optimized for Swiss Webster mice. However, this method is easily adaptable to other small-sized mammals such as rats and to other strains of mice. We have successfully performed preliminary isolations with C57 mice and μ-opioid receptor knock-outs. However, it is also possible that other strains of mice may be problematic due to morphological variations in the GI tract. Furthermore, there are known differences between mouse strains (C57Bl/6 vs. Balb/c) in th.......

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Disclosures

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The authors declare that no major competing interests exist.

Acknowledgements

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National Institute of Health Grant DA024009, DK046367 & T32DA007027.

....

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Materials

List of materials used in this article
NameCompanyCatalog NumberComments
Reagents
Fisherbrand Coverglass for Growth Cover Glasses (12 mm diameter)Fisher Scientific12-545-82 
Poly-D-lysineSigmaP6407- 5 mg 
24-well cell culture plateCELLTREAT229124May use any brand
LamininBD Biosciences354 232 
ddH2OCan prepare in lab 
15 ml Sterile Centrifuge TubeGreiner Bio-one188261May use any brand
50 ml Sterile Centrifuge TubeGreiner Bio-one227261May use any brand
NaClFisher BioReagentsBP358-212MW 58.44
KClFisher BioReagentsBP366-500MW 74.55
NaH2PO4 .2H2OFisher ChemicalsS369-3MW137.99
MgSO4Sigma AldrichM7506-500GMW 120.4
NaHCO3Sigma AldrichS6014-5KGMW 84.01
glucoseFisher ChemicalsD16-1MW 180.16
CaCl22H2OSigma AldrichC5080-500GMW 147.02
F12 mediaGibco11330 
Fetal Bovine SerumQuality Biological Inc.110-001-101HIMay use any brand
Antibiotic/antimycotic 100x liquidGibco15240-062 
Neurobasal A mediaGibco10888 
200 mM L-glutamineGibco25030164 
Glial Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF)NeuromicsPR27022 
Sharp-Pointed Dissecting ScissorsFisher Scientific8940May use any brand
Dissecting Tissue ForcepsFisher Scientific13-812-41May use any brand
Cotton-Tipped ApplicatorsFisher Scientific23-400-101May use any brand
250 ml Graduated Glass BeakerFisher ScientificFB-100-250May use any brand
2 L Glass Erlenmyer flaskFisher ScientificFB-500-2000May use any brand
Plastic rod (child's paint brush)Crayola05 3516May use any brand
CarbogenAirgasUN 31565% CO2
10 ml Leur-lock SyringeBecton Dickinson309604May use any brand
21 G x 1 1/2 in. Hypodermic NeedleBecton Dickinson305167May use any brand
Collagenase type 2WorthingtonLS004174 
Bovine Serum AlbuminAmerican BioanalyticalAB00440 
2 ml Microcentrifuge Eppendorf tubesFisher Scientific13-864-252May use any brand
Nitrex Mesh 500 µMElko Filtering Co100560May use any brand
Pipette SetFisher Scientific21-377-328May use any brand
Sharpeining StoneFisher ScientificNC9681212May use any brand
Equipment
LabGard ES 425 Biological Safety Cabinet (cell culture hood)NuaireNU-425-400May use any brand
10 L Shaking WaterbathEdvotek5027May use any brand
Microcentrifuge 5417REppendorf5417RMay use a single larger centrifuge with size adapters
Allegra 6 Series CentrifugeBeckman Coulter366816May use any brand
HuluMixer Sample MixerInvitrogen15920D 
AutoFlow Water Jacket CO2 IncubatorNuiareNU-4750May use any brand
Analytical Balance ScaleMettler ToledoXS104May use any brand

References

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  1. Furness, J. B. The enteric nervous system and neurogastroenterology. Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 9 (5), 286-294 (2012).
  2. Gershon, M. D. The enteric nervous system: A second brain. Hosp. Pract. (Minneap). 34 (7), 31-32 (1999).
  3. Gershon, A. A., C....

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Tags

Enteric NeuronsMyenteric PlexusLongitudinal MuscleEnzymatic DigestionCell IsolationImmunohistochemistryElectrophysiologyCalcium ImagingSingle Cell PCRGFAP Staining

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